Carbon Nanotubes--the Route Toward Applications

Baughman, Ray H.; Zakhidov, Anvar A.; Heer, Walt A. de

doi:10.1126/science.1060928

Cited by 9,731 publications

(5,956 citation statements)

References 62 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

5,713

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Typically, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), explored by Dr. Iijima of Japan Electronics (NEC) in 1991, are composed of the single walled nanotubes (SWNT) and multiwalled nanotubes (MWNT). The CNTs exhibited giant activity in most fields of science and engineering by reason of their unprecedented physical and chemical properties 5. Additionally, many other carbon materials with a single nanostructure have also been developed, such as graphene,6 carbon nanosheets,7 hollow carbon nanospheres,8 etc.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Hierarchical Vesicular Carbon Co‐Doped with S, P, N for High‐Rate Sodium Storage

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hierarchical nanoscale carbons have received wide interest as electrode materials for energy storage and conversion due to their fast mass transfer processes, outstanding electronic conductivity, and high stability. Here, heteroatom (S, P, and N) doped hierarchical vesicular carbon (HHVC) materials with a high surface area up to 867.5 m2 g−1 are successfully prepared using a surface polymerization of hexachloro‐cyclotriphosphazene (HCCP) and 4,4′‐sulfonyldiphenol (BPS) on the ZIF‐8 polyhedrons. Significantly, it is the first time to achieve a controllability of the wall thickness for this unique carbon, ranging from 18 to 52 nm. When utilized as anodes for sodium ion batteries, these novel carbon materials exhibit a high specific capacity of 327.2 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 after 100 cycles, which can be attributed to the expanded interlayer distance and enhanced conductivity derived from the doping of heteroatoms. Importantly, a high capacity of 142.6 mAh g−1 can be obtained even at a high current density of 5 A g−1, assigning to fast ion/electronic transmission processes stemming from the unique hierarchical vesicular structure. This work offers a new route for the fabrication/preparation of multi‐heteroatom doped hierarchical vesicular materials.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Hierarchical Vesicular Carbon Co‐Doped with S, P, N for High‐Rate Sodium Storage

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] Nanostructured electrode materials are key components in the advancement of future energy technologies; thus, strategies for preparing high-performance nanomaterials are required. 5 However, direct synthesis of complex nanostructures still remains a challenge in areas of materials science.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of Manganese Oxide Nanoflowers on Vertically-Aligned Carbon Nanotube Arrays for High-Rate Electrochemical Capacitive Energy Storage

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Manganese oxide nanoflower/carbon nanotube array (CNTA) composite electrodes with hierarchical porous structure, large surface area, and superior conductivity was controllable prepared by combining electrodeposition technique and a vertically aligned CNTA framework. This binder-free manganese oxide/CNTA electrode presents excellent rate capability (50.8% capacity retention at 77 A/g), high capacitance (199 F/g and 305 F/cm 3 ), and long cycle life (3% capacity loss after 20 000 charge/discharge cycles), with strong promise for high-rate electrochemical capacitive energy storage applications.In development of energy storage devices, nanostructured electrode materials have attracted great interest, as they show not only higher capacities but also better rates than traditional materials. 1-6 Nanostructured electrode materials are key components in the advancement of future energy technologies; thus, strategies for preparing high-performance nanomaterials are required. 5 However, direct synthesis of complex nanostructures still remains a challenge in areas of materials science. 7,8 Nowadays, much research on electrochemical capacitors (ECs) is aimed at increasing power and energy densities as well as lowering fabrication costs while using environmentally friendly materials. Specifically, it was found that RuO 2 exhibits prominent capacitive properties as ECs electrode materials; 9 however, its high cost excludes it from wide application. Relatively low cost materials such as MnO x and NiO x can also be used as electrode materials, but their poor rate capability need to be enhanced. 10,11 Manganese oxides (MO) have been thoroughly investigated because of their importance in industrial applications, such as catalysis and energy storage. [12][13][14][15][16] Over the years various nanostructured manganese oxides, including dendritic clusters, nanocrystals with different shapes, nanowires, nanotubes, nanobelts, and nanoflowers, have been synthesized. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] In order to greatly increase electrochemical performance of manganese oxides, a hierarchical porous structure 25 with high electronic conductivity 26 must be considered. Nevertheless, up to now, no method has been reported to fabricate hierarchical porous and binder-free manganese oxide composite electrodes with superior electronic conductive paths. In this paper, we realized this goal by a combination of a carbon nanotube array (CNTA) framework and an electrodeposition technique to fabricate a composite structure, that is, well-dispersed manganese oxide nanoflowers on a vertically aligned CNTA. CNTA is excellent for electrodepositing transition metal oxides because of its regular pore structure, high surface area, homogeneous property (binderfree), and excellent conductivity. [27][28][29][30] The experimental results show that the manganese oxide/CNTA composite electrode exhibits superior rate performance (50.8% capacitance retention at 77 A/g) in an EC, thus, making it very promising for high-rate electrochemical capacitive energy ...

show abstract

“…[1][2][3] It is now widely held that the modulus and strength of a typical single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) can reach 640 and 37 GPa, respectively, which surpass those of all existing materials. [4] However, because of weak intertube interactions, it is still a great challenge to acquire such super mechanical properties when CNTs are assembled as macroarchitectures (such as fibers and films). For example, prior to 2007, the reported tensile strengths of continuous CNT fibers without a coagulant lay in the range from 0.4 to 1.2 GPa, no matter if they were spun from a suspension.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2004, Baughman's group improved the Fan's array-spinning technique, and realized the importance of the twisting process for the synthesis of macroscale CNT fibers. [4,7] They stated that the twisted CNTs generated lateral force, which then gave rise to nanometer-scale friction force to couple these tens-of micrometers-long CNT bundles together as a continuous fiber. After that, the enhancement effects of the twisting structures to the fibers' mechanical properties were also verified by some other researchers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring a Micromechanical Process in Macroscale Carbon Nanotube Films and Fibers

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Carbon Nanotubes--the Route Toward Applications

Cited by 9,731 publications

References 62 publications

Advanced Hierarchical Vesicular Carbon Co‐Doped with S, P, N for High‐Rate Sodium Storage

Advanced Hierarchical Vesicular Carbon Co‐Doped with S, P, N for High‐Rate Sodium Storage

Growth of Manganese Oxide Nanoflowers on Vertically-Aligned Carbon Nanotube Arrays for High-Rate Electrochemical Capacitive Energy Storage

Monitoring a Micromechanical Process in Macroscale Carbon Nanotube Films and Fibers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About