Carbon nanotubes: Surface, porosity, and related applications

Yang, Quankui; Cheng, Hui‐Ming

doi:10.1016/b978-044451855-2/50015-2

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 166 publications

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“…The MWCNTs (Figure 2A) exhibit a narrow type H4 hysteresis loop at high relative pressures (p/p 0 = 0.87-0.99), indicating the capillary condensation of nitrogen in larger mesopores (20-40 nm). In agreement with the literature, it can be assumed that the mesoporosity of MWCNTs is caused by the assembly of nanotubes of different diameters and orientations into aggregate structures held together by intermolecular forces [111][112][113]. However, the CMK-3 molecular sieves (Figure 2B) show a characteristic combination of type H1 and H2 hysteresis loops, which is typical for well-ordered, mostly non-restricted mesoporous materials [111,112,[114][115][116].…”

Section: Nitrogen Sorptionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…In agreement with the literature, it can be assumed that the mesoporosity of MWCNTs is caused by the assembly of nanotubes of different diameters and orientations into aggregate structures held together by intermolecular forces [111][112][113] . However, the CMK-3 molecular sieves (Figure 2B) show a characteristic combination of type H1 and H2 hysteresis loops, which is typical for wellordered, mostly non-restricted mesoporous materials [111,112,[114][115][116]. In Figure 3, the BJH pore size distributions of the two support materials are presented.…”

Section: Nitrogen Sorptionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…shown in Figure 2. According to the IUPAC classification, a type IV(a) isotherm is observed for both carbons [111][112][113]. The MWCNTs (Figure 2A) exhibit a narrow type H4 hysteresis loop at high relative pressures (p/p0 = 0.87-0.99), indicating the capillary condensation of nitrogen in larger mesopores (20-40 nm).…”

Section: Nitrogen Sorptionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Sustainably Sourced Mesoporous Carbon Molecular Sieves as Immobilization Matrices for Enzymatic Biofuel Cell Applications

Torrigino,

Nagel,

Peng

et al. 2023

Catalysts

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Ordered mesoporous carbon CMK-3 sieves with a hexagonal structure and uniform pore size have recently emerged as promising materials for applications as adsorbents and electrodes. In this study, using sucrose as the sustainable carbon source and SBA-15 as a template, CMK-3 sieves are synthesized to form bioelectrocatalytic immobilization matrices for enzymatic biofuel cell (EFC) electrodes. Their electrochemical performance, capacitive features, and the stability of enzyme immobilization are analyzed and compared to commercially available multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The anodic reaction in the presence of glucose oxidase (GOx) and ferrocene methanol (FcMeOH) on the sustainably sourced CMK-3-based electrodes produces bioelectrocatalytic current responses at 0.5 V vs. saturated calomel electrode (SCE) that are twice as high as on the MWCNT-based electrodes under saturated glucose conditions. For the cathodic reaction, the MWCNT-based cathode performs marginally better than the CMK-3-based electrodes in the presence of bilirubin oxidase (BOD) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS2−). The CMK-3-based EFCs assembled from the GOx anode and BOD cathode results in a power output of 93 μW cm−2. In contrast, the output power of MWCNT-based EFCs is approximately 53 μW cm−2. The efficiency of CMK-3 as a support material for biofuel cell applications is effectively demonstrated.

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Section: Nitrogen Sorptionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Nitrogen Sorptionsupporting

confidence: 84%

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Sustainably Sourced Mesoporous Carbon Molecular Sieves as Immobilization Matrices for Enzymatic Biofuel Cell Applications

Torrigino,

Nagel,

Peng

et al. 2023

Catalysts

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“…It should be mentioned that authors demonstrate that graphene fragment of MWCNTs are also joint into stacks. So, when one estimates the stability (strength) of nanotubes, the effect of the variation of block sizes can also occur.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman spectra for characterization of defective CVD multi‐walled carbon nanotubes

Кузнецов

Bokova‐Sirosh

Мосеенков

et al. 2014

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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Phone: þ7 383 326 9510, Fax: þ7 383 330 8056Curved graphene fragments can be considered as building blocks of carbon nanotubes. Thus, the size of graphene fragments may be considered as one of the most important characteristics of their structural disorder. In this paper, we have performed a comparative Raman study of CVD multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphene flakes deposited on MWCNTs. Raman data have been considered in combination with HRTEM characterization of nanotubes. The basic attention has been paid to the behavior of D (disorder-induced), G (tangential mode), and 2D (two-phonon scattering) bands in Raman spectra in order to use them for MWCNT characterization. A ratio of intensities of 2D and D bands (I 2D /I D ) demonstrates almost a linear dependence on the mean diameter of MWCNTs produced with two different types of catalysts (see abstract figure). It should be mentioned that each type of catalyst provides the linear dependence with its own specific slope. The graphene fragments have been proposed to form a mosaic structure of nanotube walls. I 2D /I D ratio depends on the amount of graphene flakes deposited on nanotube surface via ethylene decomposition.A dependence of intensity ratio I 2D /I D on the diameter of nanotubes produced with different types of catalysts.A Raman spectroscopy has obvious advantages because it provides an express and nondestructive control of structural and electronic characteristics of carbon materials. Graphite, diamond, graphene, nanotubes, fullerenes in form of monocrystals, polycrystalline films, and powders show their own features in Raman spectra and, thus, can be identified with this technique [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The graphene fragments can be considered as building blocks of sp 2 -carbon materials. The size of graphene fragments may be considered

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“…Carbon nanomaterials are attractive because of their unique properties (for example, high electrical conductivity, great chemical stability and extremely high mechanical strength). [6,9,10] MWNTs are concentric, closed graphite tubules with diameters from 20 to 50 nm and an interlayer distance of approximately 0.34 nm. Also, the CNFs are cylindrical nanostructure with graphene layers arranged as stacked cones or cups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of dyes on carbon nanomaterials from aqueous solutions

Rodríguez

Ovejero

Sotelo

et al. 2010

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A

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The removal of methylene blue (MB), a cationic dye and orange II (OII), an anionic dye, from aqueous solution by using carbon nanomaterials as multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and carbon nanofibers (CNF) as adsorbents was studied in batch experiments. The effect of pH, temperature and surface modification of adsorbent on the removal of MB and OII was also investigated. The removals of OII and MB by adsorption on MWNT were maximum at pH 3.0 and pH 7.0, respectively. However, in the case CNF was employed as adsorbent, the optimum values of pH were 9.0 and 5.0 for OII and MB, respectively. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms are applied to fit the adsorption data of both dyes. Equilibrium data were well described by the typical Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Overall, the study demonstrated that MWNTs and CNFs can effectively remove cationic and anionic dyes as MB and OII from aqueous solutions under these experimental conditions.

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Carbon nanotubes: Surface, porosity, and related applications

Cited by 5 publications

References 166 publications

Sustainably Sourced Mesoporous Carbon Molecular Sieves as Immobilization Matrices for Enzymatic Biofuel Cell Applications

Sustainably Sourced Mesoporous Carbon Molecular Sieves as Immobilization Matrices for Enzymatic Biofuel Cell Applications

Raman spectra for characterization of defective CVD multi‐walled carbon nanotubes

Adsorption of dyes on carbon nanomaterials from aqueous solutions

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