Carbon Nanotubes, Multi‐Walled

Andrews, Rodney; Weisenberger, Matthew C.; Qian, Dali; Meier, Mark S.; Cassity, Kelby; Yeary, Paul E.

doi:10.1002/9781119951438.eibc0323

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 238 publications

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“…The agglomeration of particles in cement composites limits the mechanical performance for the macro-level fibers [39] and carbon nanotubes [40]. This work used sonication to disperse the CNC agglomerates.…”

Section: Dispersion Of Cncmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between cellulose nanocrystal dispersion and strength

Cao

Zavattieri

Youngblood

et al. 2016

Construction and Building Materials

144

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This paper studies the agglomeration of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and uses ultrasonication to disperse CNCs in cement pastes in an attempt to improve strength. Rheological measurements show that when the concentration of CNCs exceeds 1.35% by volume in deionized water, agglomerates start to develop. This experimental finding is comparable to the value obtained from a geometrical percolation model (1.38% by volume). When the matrix phase (deionized water) is replaced with a simulated cement paste pore solution, the CNCs begin to agglomerate at a lower concentration (approximately 0.18% by volume). The CNC concentration of 0.18% corresponds to the concentration of CNCs in cement paste where the maximum strength is reached. Tip ultrasonication was found to effectively disperse the CNCs and the cement pastes obtained strength improvements of up to 50%, which is significantly better than the strength improvement of raw CNCs alone (20~30%).

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Section: Dispersion Of Cncmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between cellulose nanocrystal dispersion and strength

Cao

Zavattieri

Youngblood

et al. 2016

Construction and Building Materials

144

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show abstract

“…Also, as the elongation at break of the CFs is below that of most available polymers, an increase in elongation of composites shall not be expected. Nevertheless, CNTs have an elongation at break of up to 15%,2 which could possibly lead to a higher improvement of the elongation and also ductility of composites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite this effort, the full potential of CNT‐reinforced composites has not been realized because of processing difficulties and load transfer limitations between the matrix and the nanotubes. Results from simulations predict that composites containing CNTs should have exceptional mechanical properties 2–4. Table 1 shows numerous results reporting the effect of CNTs on tensile properties of various polymer matrices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is It Worth the Effort to Reinforce Polymers With Carbon Nanotubes?

Loos

Schulte

2011

Macro Theory & Simulations

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) show exceptional properties that render them attractive for incorporation in a new generation of high‐performance engineering composites with tailored properties. While a great deal of work has been done toward using CNTs as a reinforcing agent in polymer composites, the full potential of CNTs has yet to be reached. In this work, two case studies were proposed in order to analyze the effectiveness of CNTs and carbon fibers (CFs) as reinforcing agents. Micromechanics models for the stiffness and strength of hybrid composites, comprising CNTs and CFs are derived by considering the concept of effective fiber. In addition, the 2009 prices of commercially available CNTs are reviewed. The strongest, the stiffest, and the cheapest CFs commercially available are compared with single walled CNTs (SWCNTs) and multiwalled CNTs (MWCNTs). The simulated results from the micromechanics models show that the use of CFs makes the acquisition of composites with maximum tensile strengths of 4.18 GPa possible. Analysis of the cost versus property relation showed that CNTs are the most viable strengthening option for achieving composites with strengths of up to 11.61 GPa. It is also shown that CFs are the most viable stiffening option, making composites with Young's moduli of up to 383 GPa possible at the expense of the material's toughness. Moreover, it is shown that, in order to achieve CNT's true potential, several challenges have to be faced. CNTs have to be produced with higher purity, longer lengths, better integrity, in larger amounts, and at lower cost. Moreover, issues such as orientation of the CNTs, their concentration, interfacial adhesion, distribution, and dispersion have to be overcome.

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“…It is worth noting that, as reported in the literature, pristine CNTs are usually found to be not well dispersed in different polymer matrices. 16,17 Carbon nanotubes possess an extremely high tensile modulus (50-1000 GPa), [18][19][20] tensile strength (20-150 GPa) [21][22][23] and high aspect ratio (tipically ca. 300-1000).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%