Carbon Nanotubes: Methods, Achievements, Challenges, and Future Directions

Abstract

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), nanoscale hollow tubes of carbon atoms with their unique characteristics, have been revolutionizing the technology world because their unique structural and electrical properties make them ideal for a wide variety of nanotechnology-based applications. This article gives a synopsis of three prevalent methods of CNT synthesis. The field of nanotechnology and nanoscience promote their investigation forward to produce CNTs with acceptable parameters for future applications. Therefore, new approaches to their synthesis need to be developed and optimized. Throughout this paper, the history, the types, the structure, and the distinct well-developed synthesis methods for preparing CNTs will be reviewed, including arc discharge, laser ablation, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD).

Properties, applications, and prospects of carbon nanotubes in the construction industry

“…CNTs can be produced as SWCNTs or multi-walled nanotubes (MWCNTs) [26], with SWCNTs easily twisted and more pliable, while MWCNTs have more complex structures [27]. There are three main methods to produce CNTs [14,21]. The first method is chemical vapor deposition [28], or methane pyrolysis, which heats methane gas in the absence of oxygen to 800 to 1,200 degrees Celsius and turns methane into hydrogen and CNTs.…”

“…The first method is chemical vapor deposition [28], or methane pyrolysis, which heats methane gas in the absence of oxygen to 800 to 1,200 degrees Celsius and turns methane into hydrogen and CNTs. This method is especially for MWCNTs [14,21]. Amama reports the influence of catalysts during CNT carpet growth via water-assisted chemical vapor deposition [29].…”

“…Proposed by Dimitrakakis et al, the hybrid network structure is made of graphene sheets interconnected with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) [13], which exhibit better hydrogen storage capacity and special electronic properties. As an extraordinary performer in nanotechnology, CNTs have exceptional mechanical, thermal, electrical, optical, and electrochemical properties, with high strength, high flexibility, and light weight as main characteristics [14][15][16]. They could not only improve the quality and stability of buildings, but also reduce pollution [17].…”

Role of Different Catalysts on a Direct Growth Carbon Nanotube for Supercapacitor Electrodes

“…It is also most efficient for electrochemical applications, as it is a very strong material with low weight, flexibility, and high conductivity. , Many techniques are there to synthesize CNTs, like arc discharge, laser ablation, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and so forth. Among them, the CVD system allows for controllable conditions and low-cost and easy production of large quantities of CNTs. − Furthermore, the length, diameter, alignment purity, density, and orientation of CNTs can be precisely controlled at low temperatures (800 °C) in a CVD system. The CVD method is a coating technique where chemical reactions are thermally induced on the substrate surface, which are then applied to the furnace in the gaseous form.…”