Carbon nanotubes functionalized by salts containing stereogenic heteroatoms as electrodes in their battery cells

Abstract

This paper concentrates on electrochemical properties of groups of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) functionalized with substituents containing a stereogenic heteroatom bonded covalently to the surface of the carbon nanotube. This system was tested in Swagelok-type cells. The cells comprised a system (functionalized CNT with salts containing S and P atoms) with a working electrode, microfi ber separators soaked with electrolyte solution, and a lithium foil counter/reference (commercial LiCoO 2 ) electrode. The electrolyte solution was 1 M LiPF 6 in propylene carbonate. Using standard techniques (cyclic voltammetry/chronopotentiometry), galvanostatic cycling was performed on the cells at room temperature with a CH Instruments Model 600E potentiostat/galvanostat electrochemical measurements. Methods of functionalization CNT were compared in terms of the electrochemical properties of the studied systems. In all systems, the process of charge/discharge was observed.

Carbon nanotubes: functionalisation and their application in chemical sensors

“…97,98 The uorinated CNTs have C-F bonds that are weaker than those in alkyl uorides, 99 thus providing substitution sites for additional functionalisation. 100 Besides sidewall uorination of CNTs, other similar methods including cycloaddition, such as Diels-Alder reaction, carbene and nitrene addition, 101,102 chlorination, 103 bromination, 104 hydrogenation, 105 azomethine ylides, 106 have also been successfully functionalised and employed. All these methods can be regarded as derivatives of sidewall functionalisation of CNTs.…”

Synthesis and Structural Studies of New Selenium Derivatives Based on Covalent Functionalization of MWCNTs

“…In the case of the synthesis of MWCNT derivatives containing a phosphorus and sulfur heteroatom, the reactions were based on the nucleophilic substitution of their halogenated (mainly brominated) structures. The modifications that are carried out so far have improved the electrochemical properties in relation to the starting forms, thus making it possible to use them as energy storage materials, including components of lithium-ion cells [ 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”