Carbon nanotubes for desalination: Performance evaluation and current hurdles

Goh, Pei Sean; Ismail, Ahmad Fauzi; Ng, Be Cheer

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2012.07.040

Cited by 224 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…They also found that the developed GO membrane exhibited a low rejection of monovalent and divalent salts (6-46%), a moderate rejection rate of Methylene Blue (46-66%) and a high rejection rate of Rhodamine-WT (93-95%). The main benefit of graphene nanomaterials over other carbon based nanomaterials is its economic advantages; graphene can be produced at a price that is almost negligible cost from inexpensive graphite (120,121).…”

Section: Figure 7 (A) Left Panel: Schematic Drawing Of the Fabricatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology Solutions for Global Water Challenges

McGuinness

Garvey

Whelan

et al. 2015

ACS Symposium Series

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The lack of clean and safe drinking water is responsible for more deaths than war, terrorism and weapons of mass destruction combined. This suggests contaminated water poses a significant threat to human health and welfare. In addition, standard water disinfection approaches such as sedimentation, filtration, and chemical or biological degradation are not fully capable of destroying emerging contaminants (e.g. pesticides, pharmaceutical waste products) or certain types of bacteria (e.g. Cryptosporidium parvum). Nanomaterials and nanotechnology based devices can potentially be employed to solve the challenges posed by various contaminants and

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Section: Figure 7 (A) Left Panel: Schematic Drawing Of the Fabricatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology Solutions for Global Water Challenges

McGuinness

Garvey

Whelan

et al. 2015

ACS Symposium Series

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“…Other common forms of CNM based membranes are vertically aligned CNT membrane, free standing CNT or graphene membranes etc. The impact of research on carbon nanomaterials for the membrane separation is growing tremendously which is reflected by number of review articles published in this area of advanced material applications [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanomaterials Based Membranes

Mondal¹

2016

J Membra Sci Technol

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In the past few years, there is impressive breakthrough for the research on nano structured materials to solve global significant challenges like, water, energy, environment, medicine etc. Among various nanomaterials, carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) are gaining significant interest to the material scientists to develop advanced membranes for novel separation processes. It is believed that CNM based membranes have the potential to overcome the inherent limitations of conventional membranes separations.

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“…Amongst the nanomaterials, the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess outstanding structural, mechanical and electronic properties that are exploited to develop high-performance mixed-matrix systems [3]. The importance of CNTs to the membrane scientists stems from its unique potential to result in a membrane with improved permeability [4,5] Abstract. Nanomaterials potentially minimize the inherent trade-off between productivity and selectivity of membranebased ultrafiltration (UF) process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-performance mixed-matrix membranes with altered interfacial and surface chemistry through benign reinforcement of functionalized carbon nanotubes of different configurations

Kar¹,

Pal²,

Debnath³

et al. 2017

Express Polym. Lett.

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IntroductionNanotechnology, with tremendous versatility and unprecedented opportunities, has ubiquitously gained the recognition in enhancing the sustainability of membrane-based water treatment processes [1,2]. The promising synergistic effects of nano-and membrane technologies provide tangible ways to develop mixed-matrices with tunable functional features, which can make the membrane separation process more productive, energy-efficient, and environmental-friendly. Amongst the nanomaterials, the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess outstanding structural, mechanical and electronic properties that are exploited to develop high-performance mixed-matrix systems [3]. The importance of CNTs to the membrane scientists stems from its unique potential to result in a membrane with improved permeability [4,5] Abstract. Nanomaterials potentially minimize the inherent trade-off between productivity and selectivity of membranebased ultrafiltration (UF) process. A comparative study on the reinforcement effect of pristine carbon nanotubes (CNTs) of three different configurations, viz. single-walled (SWNT), double-walled (DWNT) and multi-walled (MWNT), and their carboxylated counterparts, onto a polysulfone (Psf) host matrix of mixed-matrix UF membranes is illustrated herein. The varying structural features of carboxylated CNTs, probed by XPS analysis, underpin the enrichment of CNTs with oxygen rich functionalities following the trend of MWNT > DWNT > SWNT. The membranes with enhanced hydrophilicity and altered electrokinetics substantiate the efficacy of facilitated reinforcement of functionalized CNTs over the pristine ones. Variations in surface topography and mechanical feature of the membranes elucidate that carboxylation influences the interfacial chemistry by enhancing the dispersion stability of MWNTs more profoundly than its configurational counterparts like SWNTs and DWNTs, and concurrently alters its distribution within the membranous matrix. The enhanced ultrafiltration performances, as achieved by twofold enhancement in solvent fluxes without compromise in the solute rejection capabilities (~89-90% toward PEG, M w : 35 kDa), confirm the potential of carboxylated CNTs in leading to development of high-performance mixed-matrix membranes.

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Carbon nanotubes for desalination: Performance evaluation and current hurdles

Cited by 224 publications

References 95 publications

Nanotechnology Solutions for Global Water Challenges

Nanotechnology Solutions for Global Water Challenges

Carbon Nanomaterials Based Membranes

High-performance mixed-matrix membranes with altered interfacial and surface chemistry through benign reinforcement of functionalized carbon nanotubes of different configurations

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