Carbon nanotube/polyaniline nanocomposites: Electronic structure, doping level and morphology investigations

Salvatierra, Rodrigo V.; Zitzer, Georg; Savu, Sabine-Antonia; Alves, Ana Paula; Zarbin, Aldo J. G.; Chassé, Thomas; Casu, Maria Benedetta; Rocco, Maria Luiza M.

doi:10.1016/j.synthmet.2015.01.034

Cited by 34 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The spectra for C1s [Fig. (a,b)] could be resolved to three peaks centered at 284.4 (CC/CH), 285.2 (CN/CN), and 285.9 eV (CN + /CN + /CCl) . Only two peaks resulted from CC/CH and CN/CN for the PANI synthesized in the low acidity system.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration on the microwave‐assisted synthesis and formation mechanism of polyaniline nanostructures synthesized in different hydrochloric acid concentrations

Qiu

Wang

et al. 2017

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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Under microwave‐assisted synthesis, polyaniline (PANI) products with multiple nanostructures were synthesized by the oxidative polymerization of aniline and ammonium peroxodisulfate in the different concentrations of hydrochloric acid solutions. The structural analysis of PANI using FTIR, UV, and XPS indicated that phenazine‐like oligomers were produced in acid‐free and low acidic systems. Moreover, long linear PANI chains were obtained in the presence of highly acidic solutions. The morphology of PANI observed by SEM and TEM showed that nanoscale structures, including stacked sheets, nanotubes, branched nanofibers, and uniform nanofibers, occurred respectively in acid‐free solution, low acidity, medium and high acidity systems, effectively regulating by acidity. The formation mechanism of PANI nanostructures was explored here. The sheets were formed by the oligomers containing flat phenazine rings that can be stacked together with strong π–π interactions. Furthermore, nanotubes were fabricated by the self‐curling of thin sheets consisted of phenazine‐like oligomers with numerous linear units in the chains. The nanofibers are supposed to form by the linear PANI chains and the secondary growth during aniline polymerization caused the branch formation on the nanofibers. All results indicate that acidity, rather than microwave assistance, is the critical factor that determines the polymerization mechanism and the final nanostructure. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 3357–3369

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration on the microwave‐assisted synthesis and formation mechanism of polyaniline nanostructures synthesized in different hydrochloric acid concentrations

Qiu

Wang

et al. 2017

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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“…Accordingly, the application of nanoparticles is an easy, efficient, and economical way to improve the performance of polymer matrices. The effects of many material and processing parameters on the properties of polymer nanocomposites containing silicate layers (nanoclay), carbon nanotubes (CNT), and inorganic fillers such as silica (SiO 2 ), and calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) have been investigated [ 5 – 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Two-Step Methodology to Study the Influence of Aggregation/Agglomeration of Nanoparticles on Young’s Modulus of Polymer Nanocomposites

Zare

Rhee

2017

Nanoscale Res Lett

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A two-step technique based on micromechanical models is suggested to determine the influence of aggregated/agglomerated nanoparticles on Young’s modulus of polymer nanocomposites. The nanocomposite is assumed to include nanoparticle aggregation/agglomeration and effective matrix phases. This method is examined for different samples, and the effects of important parameters on the modulus are investigated. Moreover, the highest and the lowest levels of predicted modulus are calculated based on the current methodology. The suggested technique can correctly predict Young’s modulus for the samples assuming the aggregation/agglomeration of nanoparticles. Additionally, the aggregation/agglomeration of nanoparticles decreases Young’s modulus of polymer nanocomposites. It is demonstrated that the high modulus of nanoparticles is not sufficient to obtain a high modulus in nanocomposites, and the surface chemistry of components should be adjusted to prevent aggregation/agglomeration and to disperse nano-sized particles in the polymer matrix.

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“…These reinforcement agents improve almost all the physical and chemical properties, thus preventing nimbleness, shortage of embrittlement and absence of transparency. [16][17][18] A considerable effect on the eventual behaviors of composite materials basically arises from excellent cohesion between the polymer matrix and its nano-ller reinforcement agents, due to which the applied fatigue is transferred from the persistent matrix to nano-ller. Till now, many researchers are still designing new carbon nanoparticles and discussing their assistance for enhancing various properties of different polymer matrices in the form of composite new materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of EPYR/GNP/MWCNT carbon-based composite materials for promoted epoxy coating performance

2018

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The present study is aimed to fabricate composite materials containing epoxy resin (EPYR) reinforced by mixed carbon-based nano-fillers in the form of graphene nano-platelet (GNP) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) using the dissolution casting technique with the help of ultrasonic assistance. The pure epoxy resin was reinforced by variable loading of mixed GNP/MWCNT in situ, and the epoxy resin is denoted as EPYR/GNP/MWCNT 2-30 . The numbers 2-30 corresponded to the final mass ratio of the nano-fillers. The designed products were reinforced by variable percentages of GNP/MWCNTs. XRD, FT-IR, thermal analyses, FE-SEM, TEM and electrical conductivity were utilized as identification techniques to confirm the structures of these composite materials. An excellent evidence for the composite formation was given by XRD diffraction patterns and FT-IR spectroscopy. The introduced amounts of mixed nano-fillers showed significant effects on the thermal, conducting and coating behaviors of pure EPYR. Pure EPYR and EPYR/GNP/MWCNT 20,30 showed higher thermal stabilities than other materials in the range of 400-410 C. EPYR/GNP/MWCNT 20 also showed remarkable increase in the thermal stability compared to other materials. T 10 represents the temperatures at which 10% weight losses are examined.Pure EPYR and its related EPYR/GNP/MWCNT 2-30 displayed similar thermal stabilities at T 10 temperature (330 AE 4 C). The morphological features were examined by SEM and TEM; these features showed that the nanocomposite components were extremely compatible. The in situ electrical conductivity values showed noticeable enhancement for the formulations of EPYR/GNP/MWCNT 2-10 . Moreover, the coating performance of EPYR was tested by water uptake experiments and electrochemical impedance; both tests proved that the mixed GNP/MWCNT nano-fillers remarkably improved the pure EPYR coating due to the ionic charge transfer resistance and elevated barrier behaviour. The coating resistance variations values (CRv) of EPYR/GNP/MWCNT 10 were the highest among the measured composition values, closely followed by those of EPYR/GNP/MWCNT 20 and EPYR/GNP/MWCNT 30 .

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Carbon nanotube/polyaniline nanocomposites: Electronic structure, doping level and morphology investigations

Cited by 34 publications

References 33 publications

Exploration on the microwave‐assisted synthesis and formation mechanism of polyaniline nanostructures synthesized in different hydrochloric acid concentrations

Exploration on the microwave‐assisted synthesis and formation mechanism of polyaniline nanostructures synthesized in different hydrochloric acid concentrations

A Two-Step Methodology to Study the Influence of Aggregation/Agglomeration of Nanoparticles on Young’s Modulus of Polymer Nanocomposites

Fabrication of EPYR/GNP/MWCNT carbon-based composite materials for promoted epoxy coating performance

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