Carbon nanotube optical mirrors

Chen, Peter C.; Rabin, D. M.

doi:10.1117/1.jatis.1.1.014005

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Tunable mirrors based on smart materials were developed (left side in Figure 43). [85] Imaging-quality optical mirrors have been developed by using carbon nanotubes embedded in an epoxy matrix (CNT/E). The development is notable in two ways.…”

Section: Iii-3 Tunable Mirrors and Filtersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the 1990s, developers adopted active optics for large telescopes, and the current generation uses thin, flexible mirrors that maintain their shape by a system of external actuators that push and pull on the surface. Tunable mirrors based on smart materials were developed (left side in figure 43) [84]. Imaging-quality optical mirrors have been developed by using CNTs embedded in an epoxy matrix (CNT/E).…”

Section: Tunable Mirrors and Filtersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspective and potential of smart optical materials

Choi

Duzik

Kim

et al. 2017

Smart Mater. Struct.

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The increasing requirements of hyperspectral imaging optics, electro/photo-chromic materials, negative refractive index metamaterial optics, and miniaturized optical components from microscale to quantum-scale optics have all contributed to new features and advancements in optics technology. Development of multifunctional capable optics has pushed the boundaries of optics into new fields that require new disciplines and materials to maximize the potential benefits. The purpose of this study is to understand and show the fundamental materials and fabrication technology for field-controlled spectrally active optics (referred to as smart optics) that are essential for future industrial, scientific, military, and space applications, such as membrane optics, light detection and ranging (LIDAR) filters, windows for sensors and probes, telescopes, spectroscopes, cameras, light valves, light switches, and flat-panel displays. The proposed smart optics are based on the Stark and Zeeman effects in materials tailored with quantum dot arrays and thin films made from readily polarizable materials via ferroelectricity or ferromagnetism. Bound

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Section: Iii-3 Tunable Mirrors and Filtersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tunable Mirrors and Filtersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspective and potential of smart optical materials

Choi

Duzik

Kim

et al. 2017

Smart Mater. Struct.

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“…Spitzer observed 55 Cnc e multiple times, revealing a significant variability in the occultation depth between 2012 and 2013 (Demory et al 2015) that was later confirmed by Tamburo et al (2018). However, a recent analysis using the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) (Ricker et al 2014) observations indicated weak evidence of variability in the occultation depth in the optical range across the sectors (Meier Valdés et al 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Investigating the visible phase-curve variability of 55 Cnc e

Meier¹,

Morris²,

Demory³

et al. 2023

A&A

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Context. 55 Cnc e is an ultra-short period super-Earth transiting a Sun-like star. Previous observations in the optical range detected a time-variable flux modulation that is phased with the planetary orbital period, whose amplitude is too large to be explained by reflected light and thermal emission alone. Aims. The goal of the study is to investigate the origin of the variability and timescale of the phase-curve modulation in 55 Cnc e. To this end, we used the CHaracterising ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS), whose exquisite photometric precision provides an opportunity to characterise minute changes in the phase curve from one orbit to the next. Methods. CHEOPS observed 29 individual visits of 55 Cnc e between March 2020 and February 2022. Based on these observations, we investigated the different processes that could be at the origin of the observed modulation. In particular, we built a toy model to assess whether a circumstellar torus of dust driven by radiation pressure and gravity might match the observed flux variability timescale. Results. We find that the phase-curve amplitude and peak offset of 55 Cnc e do vary between visits. The sublimation timescales of selected dust species reveal that silicates expected in an Earth-like mantle would not survive long enough to explain the observed phase-curve modulation. We find that silicon carbide, quartz, and graphite are plausible candidates for the circumstellar torus composition because their sublimation timescales are long. Conclusions. The extensive CHEOPS observations confirm that the phase-curve amplitude and offset vary in time. We find that dust could provide the grey opacity source required to match the observations. However, the data at hand do not provide evidence that circumstellar material with a variable grain mass per unit area causes the observed variability. Future observations with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) promise exciting insights into this iconic super-Earth.

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“…When transferred efficiently to the composite, they are expected to provide mechanical improvements (strength, stiffness, interlaminar shear strength) and enhance the thermal and electrical properties [15,16]. Chen and Rabin [17] showed that it is possible to produce epoxy/CNT composites with surface optical quality to be used as mirrors using the replica method. Kia [18] has patented a method for reducing the fiber print-through in composites reinforced with long fibers with the addition of CNT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanotube Layer for Reduction of Fiber Print-Through in Carbon Fiber Composites

Guedes

Martins

Märtins³

et al. 2019

Advances in Polymer Technology

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Fiber print-through effect is a limitation to the use of carbon fiber-reinforced composites in space applications, namely, mirror telescopes. Replica method is used for the production of lightweight telescope mirrors. However, this method requires a polished mandrel, increasing considerably the final cost. In this work, we report a cheaper and simpler alternative production method, which consists in the addition of a carbon nanotube filled epoxy resin layer on the surface of carbon reinforced composites, in order to reduce fiber print-through of the materials. The influence of different carbon nanotube functionalizations, concentrations, and dispersion levels are also assessed. The surface properties are evaluated by interferometry (roughness and waviness) and scanning electron microscopy (morphology). The results show that the waviness, roughness, and consequently fiber print-though are considerably reduced with the addition of a thin layer of nonfunctionalized carbon nanotubes.

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Carbon nanotube optical mirrors

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Perspective and potential of smart optical materials

Perspective and potential of smart optical materials

Investigating the visible phase-curve variability of 55 Cnc e

Carbon Nanotube Layer for Reduction of Fiber Print-Through in Carbon Fiber Composites

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