Carbon nanotube coating on titanium substrate modified with TiO2 nanotubes

Abstract

A combination of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and titanium (Ti) modifi ed with TiO 2 nanotubes (TiO 2 NTs) was fulfi lled with the aim of improving bioactivity of Ti implant. First, well-ordered TiO 2 NTs were prepared by the electrochemical anodization of Ti in an ethylene glycol electrolyte containing 1 wt% NH 4 F and 10 wt% H 2 O at 20 V for 50 min, followed by annealing. Then, the carboxylated CNTs were coated onto the TiO 2 NTs using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique. The growth of hydroxyapatite (HA) on the samples was investigated by soaking them in simulated body fl uid (SBF). The result showed the CNTs-coated Ti with the modifi cation of TiO 2 NTs (CNTs-TiO 2 NTs) was more effi cient to induce HA formation than the CNTs-coated smooth Ti (CNTs-Ti). The vitro cell response was evaluated using osteoblast cells (MC3T3-E1). The good cell proliferation and strong cell adhesion could be obtained on the CNTs-TiO 2 NTs. These results indicated that CNT coating on the Ti modifi ed with TiO 2 NTs could be potentially useful for the periodontal ligament combination on dental implants.

Single-walled carbon nanotubes functionalized with sodium hyaluronate enhance bone mineralization

“…Other studies have shown that CNTs induce nucleation and growth of hydroxyapatite crystals under physiological concentrations of calcium and phosphate ( 10 , 16 ). Moreover, it has been demonstrated that the interaction of CNTs with polymers or other nanomaterials enhances their ability to induce mineralization ( 24 , 39 ) and osteogenesis ( 40 ). Indeed, we found that the highest and most organized deposition of particles occurred on disks treated with HY-SWCNTs, probably because of the ability of HY to accelerate the bone repair process ( 20 , 21 ).…”

“…In this regard, HY-CNTs can be used to coat titanium implants, which by themselfs are not capable of inducing bone formation ( 23 ). Several studies have shown that titanium coated with CNTs or hyaluronic acid induces better cell adhesion and proliferation, along with increased bone formation around dental implants ( 23 - 25 ).…”

Electrophoretic deposition of carbon nanotubes: recent progress and remaining challenges

“…Attempts have been made to prepare CNT suspensions for EPD in a wide range of organic solvents, including ethanol [57][58][59], isopropyl alcohol (IPA) [10,51,[60][61][62], butyl alcohol [63,64], acetone [65,66], methanol [67], acetonitrile [15,68], dimethylformamide (DMF) [69][70][71][72][73][74], cyclohexanone [75] as well as their mixtures [76][77][78][79] or mixtures with water [80][81][82]; a detailed summary of the suspension parameters used for the EPD of CNTs is listed in Tables S1 and S3 (supporting information). Purified and functionalised CNTs can be (partially) dispersed in a great variety of solvents by simply sonicating the suspension, yet the degree of dispersion quality varies and often sediments of entangled/agglomerated CNTs are removed by an additional centrifugation step [25].…”

“…EPD of CNT coatings on Ti modified with TiO 2 nanotubes improved the bioactivity of Ti dental implants. In combination with the TiO 2 nanotubes, the uniform CNT coating not only enhanced HA formation when soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF), but also promoted osteoblast attachment and proliferation [57,224]. Similarly, co-deposition of CNTs with HA and chitosan improved the apatite formation on Ti implant surfaces [80,177].…”

DFT Studies on the Adsorption Behavior and Electronic Properties of Zr/Ti on Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes

“…Titanium with relative compounds have exhibited good performance as catalytic materials. It also have good progress in experiments [11][12][13][14]. More and more important and potential applications will be focused and revealed.…”