Carbon Nanomaterials‐Enabled High‐Performance Supercapacitors: A Review

Abstract

Supercapacitors (SCs), an important kind of electrochemical energy storage device, are featured with high power density, rapid charging and discharging, and ultralong cycling lifespan and have been widely applied in multiscenario energy storage and output systems, such as portable consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and reservoir setups for green and sustainable energy resources. Among their components, electrode materials are of primary importance in dictating their performances. Owing to good electric conductivity, achievably large specific surface area, low cost, chemical stability, and easy loading with other electrochemically active species, various carbon nanomaterials, including activated carbons, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and other porous carbons, are promising electrode materials in the fabrication of high-performance SCs. In fact, the past decade has witnessed enormous efforts in the development of highperformance carbon-based SC electrode materials and great progresses achieved in the field. In this review, recent advances on these carbon-based SCs are summarized through a number of selected representative works. In each one, the unique preparation method, structural features, and their correlations to electrochemical properties and final SC performance are presented and discussed. At the end of the review, the challenges and future developing prospects are briefly outlined.

Enhanced Supercapacitor Performance by Harnessing Carbon Nanoparticles and Colloidal SnO2 Quantum Dots

“…These attributes make CNPs ideal candidates for electrode materials in supercapacitor devices, enabling efficient charge storage and highpower delivery [5]. Several studies have shown how CNPs can improve supercapacitors' performance, which results in better energy storage capacity, improved charge-discharge kinetics, and longer cycle life [6]. In addition to carbon-based materials, metal oxide nanomaterials have also emerged as promising candidates for supercapacitor applications [7].…”

Preparation of Carbon Dots@r-GO Nanocomposite with an Enhanced Pseudo-Capacitance

“…However, this superior performance would disappear when talking about a bulk electrode composed of graphene units. For instance, the capacitance of reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) prepared by traditional Hummer’s method is usually in the range of 100–200 F g −1 , much lower than the theoretical value of 550 F g −1 ; this majorly results from the reduced specific surface area and the shortage of ion/electron transport rate [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Therefore, the three-dimensional r-GO hydrogel electrodes with thin nano-graphite walls that are composed of several layers of graphene are preferred.…”