Carbon Monoxide Fate in the Environment as an Inspiration For Biorefinery Industry: A Review

Abstract

Carbon monoxide (CO) is ubiquitous in the environment. In this literature review, the biological CO transformations in ecosystems were summarized as an inspiration for the biorefinery industry. Specifically, for the first time, information about CO fate in soil, water, and the atmosphere was collected, and CO impact on plants, animals, and humans was discussed. The review also addresses the need to develop new solutions to implementing circular bioeconomy and highlights the potential of CO use in biologically mediated processes as an untapped valuable resource. Specific key areas of research were identified as 1) development of water-gas shift (WGS) bioreaction, 2) electricity production during bioelectrochemical syngas conversion (BESs), and 3) electro-fermentation (EF) as a source of added-value biochemicals and fuels.

Hierarchical Au/CeO2systems – influence of Ln3+dopants on the catalytic activity in the propane oxidation process

“…The presence of CO in the reaction product is very unfavorable due to the highly poisonous nature of carbon monoxide. 127,128 As shown in Fig. 5B, during the oxidation of propane on undecorated hierarchical oxides (CeO 2 and Ce 0.9 La 0.05 Yb 0.05 O 1.95 ) at temperatures above 390 °C, a small amount (up to 1% vol) of the unwanted co-product is formed.…”

The Impact of Fine Particulate Matters (PM10, PM2.5) from Incense Smokes on the Various Organ Systems: A Review of an Invisible Killer

“…[ 50 ] The CO‐enriched environment, leads to a higher concentration of CO in the blood, leading to oxygen deficiency in the blood. [ 159 ] Red blood cells (RBCs) will get less oxygen, so, less oxygen will be carried to the vital organs including muscles which will lead to fatigue and dizziness. [ 160 ] While in some cases, particulate matter may rupture the RBCs, and affect the transfer of oxygen to the important cells and tissue of the body.…”

Carbon monoxide fluxes measured using the eddy covariance method from an intensively managed grassland in Ireland

“…6 Conversely, where soil moisture is high, such as in wetland systems, CO uptake is low as a high water-filled pore space (WFPS) will limit oxygen diffusion and gas transport. 14…”