Carbon microspheres as network nodes in a novel biocompatible gel

Dennis, J. E. St.; Meng, Qingkai; Zheng, Rubo; Pesika, Noshir S.; McPherson, Gary L.; He, Jibao; Ashbaugh, Henry S.; John, Vijay T.; Dowling, Matthew B.; Raghavan, Srinivasa R.

doi:10.1039/c0sm01430c

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Among various forms of carbon materials, carbon microspheres (CMSs) have attracted substantial attention due to their particular physical properties, including minimal surface energies, controllable sizes, and diverse morphologies (hollow, hard-spherules, and beads) [1]. The CMSs have been used for various applications such as hydrogen storage [2], fuel cells [3], catalysts [4], adsorbents [5], supercapacitors [6] and drug delivery [7] due to their remarkable chemical stability, high thermal conductivity, excellent heat resistance, electrical conductivity, and self-sintering properties [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal synthesis of carbon microspheres from sucrose with citric acid as a catalyst: physicochemical and structural properties

Sulistya

Hui-Hui

Attenborough

et al. 2020

Journal of Taibah University for Science

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The production of size-tunable Carbon microspheres (CMSs) from cheaply available materials using an environmentally friendly technique is highly appreciated. In this study, size-tunable CMSs were hydrothermally synthesized at 190°C using sucrose as carbon source, and citric acid as a catalyst. The effect of varying citric acid concentration on the size of the microspheres was investigated. Results indicated that under similar hydrothermal conditions, variation in the concentration of citric acid between 0 and 5 wt.% increased the size of CMSs ranging from 3.12 to 11.2 μm, as evidenced by SEM and particle size analyzer. TGA confirmed the purity of the carbonaceous particles in a single-step degradation with the presence of D-band and G-band in Raman spectra. FTIR and elemental analyzer confirmed the presence of hydrophilic oxygen functionalities such as -OH, -C = O, and COOH on the surface of CMSs. This study opens a novel and straightforward approach to produce size-tunable CMSs with functional groups.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal synthesis of carbon microspheres from sucrose with citric acid as a catalyst: physicochemical and structural properties

Sulistya

Hui-Hui

Attenborough

et al. 2020

Journal of Taibah University for Science

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“…Their results also showed that increasing the density of hydrophobic grafts leads to increases in solution viscosity due to an increased number of hydrophobic junctions. Hydrophobically modified chitosan (HMC) has also shown the ability to form gels in the presence of hydrophobic nanoparticles , and vesicles, while chitosan without hydrophobic modification is unable to achieve this phenomenon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Monomer Sequence and Degree of Acetylation on the Self-Assembly and Porosity of Chitosan Networks in Solution

Benner

Hall

2016

Macromolecules

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Chitosan is a versatile biopolymer that can self-assemble in solution to form hydrogels and nanoparticles. It consists of two types of monomers: glucosamine (GlcN) and N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). Chitosan self-assembly is controlled by a balance of interactions between these two types of monomers: GlcN which gets protonated in solution leading to electrostatic repulsion and GlcNAc which contains an acetyl group, leading to hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions. We present the results of discontinuous molecular dynamics (DMD) simulations aimed at understanding how the degree of acetylation (DA) and monomer sequence affect network formation in solution. Chitosans with DAs ranging from 10% to 50% and three different monomer sequencesrandom, evenly spaced, and blockyare studied. We show that chitosans with blocky sequences of GlcNAc monomers form percolated networks earlier in time than random and evenly spaced sequences for all DAs tested. Analysis of the pore size distributions of the resulting chitosan networks shows that blocky sequences of GlcNAc monomers lead to larger pores than random and evenly spaced sequences for DAs less than or equal to 30%. The monomer sequence has little impact on pore size distribution when the DA is 40% or higher. Finally, we show that at low DA, chitosan networks allow free diffusion of small molecules through the network but slow the diffusion of large molecules. At high DA, chitosan networks allow free diffusion of both large and small molecules. We conclude that controlling the monomer sequence of chitosan could be effective at controlling the structure of the resulting network.

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“…Such uniformly sized microspheres can be prepared through the hydrothermal decomposition of simple saccharides (e.g., sucrose, glucose, and cyclodextrins) 14 and sugar-based materials to produce monodisperse spheres of controllable size with potential applications in catalysis, 15 energy storage, 16 and lubrication. 17 In this letter, we show that particles formed by this synthesis strategy are effective at stabilizing water-in-trichloroethylene emulsions, and the observations address the self-assembly of such hard carbon microspheres (HCS) at the interface between water and trichloroethylene (TCE). The choice of TCE as the organic phase is based on the compelling environmental application of using carbon particles to remediate TCE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our focus in this letter is to adapt a simple technology that leads to the synthesis of uniform and controllable submicrometer-sized carbon spheres and to study these particles at liquid interfaces with an environmental remediation application as the longer-term objective. Such uniformly sized microspheres can be prepared through the hydrothermal decomposition of simple saccharides (e.g., sucrose, glucose, and cyclodextrins) and sugar-based materials to produce monodisperse spheres of controllable size with potential applications in catalysis, energy storage, and lubrication . These carbon particles are nanoporous with disordered graphitic layers and a N 2 adsorption surface area of about 400 m 2 /g 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-in-Trichloroethylene Emulsions Stabilized by Uniform Carbon Microspheres

et al. 2011

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Uniform hard carbon spheres (HCS), synthesized by the hydrothermal decomposition of sucrose followed by pyrolysis, are effective at stabilizing water-in-trichloroethylene (TCE) emulsions. The irreversible adsorption of carbon particles at the TCE-water interface resulting in the formation of a monolayer around the water droplet in the emulsion phase is identified as the key reason for emulsion stability. Cryogenic scanning electron microscopy was used to image the assembly of carbon particles clearly at the TCE-water interface and the formation of bilayers in regions of droplet-droplet contact. The results of this study have potential implications to the subsurface injection of carbon submicrometer particles containing zero-valent iron nanoparticles to treat pools of chlorinated hydrocarbons that are sequestered in fractured bedrock.

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Carbon microspheres as network nodes in a novel biocompatible gel

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Hydrothermal synthesis of carbon microspheres from sucrose with citric acid as a catalyst: physicochemical and structural properties

Hydrothermal synthesis of carbon microspheres from sucrose with citric acid as a catalyst: physicochemical and structural properties

Effect of Monomer Sequence and Degree of Acetylation on the Self-Assembly and Porosity of Chitosan Networks in Solution

Water-in-Trichloroethylene Emulsions Stabilized by Uniform Carbon Microspheres

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