Carbon Materials From Various Sources for Composite Materials

Wang, Zhipeng; Jin, Karen Wong Min; Melvin, Gan Jet Hong

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-45489-0_1

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 175 publications

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“…FGM, sample B3's respective layer is shown in figure 1 (c). The density of bulk resin was 1.1527 g/cm 3 , within the range of typical polyester resin [12]. The density increment pattern of fabricated FGM when compared to bulk resin, is illustrated in figure 2 (a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Carbon materials such as carbon nanotubes, vapor grown carbon fibre, and their derivatives/hybrids, are widely utilized as the filler materials in composite materials for reinforcement/functionality, including FGM [3][4][5][6]. Alternatively, carbon materials derived from agricultural waste materials such as rice husk (RH) or sawdust, offer a unique opportunity, due to the low cost and abundancy [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feasibility study: Resin-based functionally graded material incorporated with carbonized waste rice husk

Melvin

Ling

Karen

2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Feasibility study was conducted in exploring the fabrication and characterization of resin-based functionally graded material (FGM) incorporated with carbonized waste rice husk. The waste rice husks were converted into carbon materials through heat treatment under the presence of inert gas at 500°C for 2 hours. Then, they were incorporated into resin to form FGM by centrifugal method to achieve desired gradation. Sample B3 with 5 wt.% of carbonized rice husk (CRH) incorporated into polyester resin (including hardener and ethanol) was centrifugated at 4000 rpm for 30 minutes to form FGM. The fabricated samples were cut into three parts, namely upper, middle, and bottom layer to further characterize the properties at various gradation levels. The density of sample B3 increased gradually, 4.10%, 6.54%, and 6.93% when compared to bulk resin, from upper to bottom layer, respectively. The hardness of sample B3 increased gradually, 27.38%, 42.57%, and 47.08% in contrast to bulk resin, from upper to bottom layer, respectively. FGM proposed in this study can be further manipulated based on the centrifugal force and time, ratio of solvents/hardener, and weight percentage of CRH that indicate they can be exploited for specific of numerous appropriate applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility study: Resin-based functionally graded material incorporated with carbonized waste rice husk

Melvin

Ling

Karen

2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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“…In contrast, the bottomup approach offers flexibility in engineering the microstructure and chemistry of carbon materials at the nanoscale, enabling a rigorous investigation of carbon support's effect on metal nanoparticles. Some of the common bottom-up carbon synthesis approaches include chemical vapor deposition (CVD), carbonization (i.e., carbonization of non-, soft-, and hard-templated precursors), and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) [12][13][14][15][16]. CVD is often employed in synthesizing specialty carbon materials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the common bottom-up carbon synthesis approaches include chemical vapor deposition (CVD), carbonization (i.e., carbonization of non-, soft-, and hard-templated precursors), and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) [12][13][14][15][16]. CVD is often employed in synthesizing specialty carbon materials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes [13]. However, the use of these supports is limited due to several development challenges discussed in great details elsewhere [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bottom-Up Synthesis Strategies Enabling the Investigation of Metal Catalyst-Carbon Support Interactions

Bateni

Prabhu

Gebur

et al. 2022

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The structural versatility and vibrant surface chemistry of carbon materials offer tremendous opportunities for tailoring the catalytic performance of supported metal nanoparticles through the modulation of interfacial metal-support interactions (MSI). MSI’s geometric and structural effects are well documented for these materials. However, other potential support effects such as electronic metal-carbon interactions remain poorly understood. Such limitations are tied to constraints intrinsic to commonly available carbon materials such as activated carbon (e.g., microporosity) and the top-down approach that is often used for their synthesis. Nonetheless, it is crucial to understand the interplay between the structure, properties, and performance of carbon-supported metal catalysts to take steps toward rationalizing their design. The present study investigates promising and scalable bottom-up synthesis approaches, namely hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA), that offer great flexibility for controlling the carbon structure. The opportunities and limitations of the methods are discussed with a particular focus on harnessing the power of oxygen functionalities. A remarkable production yield of 32.8% was achieved for mesoporous carbons synthesized via EISA. Moreover, these carbon materials present similar external surface areas of 316 ± 19 m2/g and average pore sizes of 10.0 ± 0.1 nm while offering flexibility to control the oxygen concentration in the range of 5–26 wt%. This study provides the cornerstone for future investigations of metal-carbon support interactions and the rational design of these catalysts.

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Low-Cost and Sustainable Carbonized Sawdust Based Solar Absorber for Solar Vapor Generation Towards Seawater Desalination

Karen

Wang²,

Liew³

et al. 2023

Waste Biomass Valor

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Carbon Materials From Various Sources for Composite Materials

Cited by 4 publications

References 175 publications

Feasibility study: Resin-based functionally graded material incorporated with carbonized waste rice husk

Feasibility study: Resin-based functionally graded material incorporated with carbonized waste rice husk

Bottom-Up Synthesis Strategies Enabling the Investigation of Metal Catalyst-Carbon Support Interactions

Low-Cost and Sustainable Carbonized Sawdust Based Solar Absorber for Solar Vapor Generation Towards Seawater Desalination

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