Carbon isotopic signatures of methanol and acetaldehyde emitted from biomass burning source

Abstract

[1] We present carbon isotopic signatures of methanol and acetaldehyde emitted from biomass burning sources using laboratory experiments. The respective d 13 C of methanol and acetaldehyde emitted from burning experiments of five plant materials (three C 3 and two C 4 plants) were À20-À46% and À11 -À25%. The variation in d 13 C of methanol depends on the d 13 C of the fuel biomass and burning conditions, but the variation in d 13 C of acetaldehyde depends on the d 13 C of fuel biomass and is independent of burning conditions. Combining these observations with previously reported global distributions of fire types, burning conditions, amounts of biomass burned, vegetation types, and emission factors, we estimated the global isotopic signature for biomass burning source as À33 ± 16% for methanol. Citation: Yamada, K., R. Hattori, Y. Ito, H. Shibata, and N. Yoshida (2009), Carbon isotopic signatures of methanol and acetaldehyde emitted from biomass burning source,

Chemical and stable carbon isotopic composition of PM<sub>2.5</sub> from on-road vehicle emissions in the PRD region and implications for vehicle emission control policy

“…Stable carbon isotope analysis of vehicle emissions in Zhujiang tunnel yielded δ 13 C values ranging from −25.5 to −24.7 ‰ with an average value of −25.0 ± 0.2 ‰ and is comparable to previously reported ranges of −29 to −24.6 ‰ (Table 1) for vehicular fuel emissions. Generally, the variation in δ 13 C Fuel could affect the δ 13 C of hydrocarbons (Keppler et al, 2004;Yamada et al, 2009). In the PRD region, the δ 13 C values of gasoline and diesel were on average −28.6 ± 0.6 ‰ and −27.8 ± 0.2 ‰; small variations of fuel δ 13 C were observed (Hu et al, 2014).…”

Uncertainties of fluxes and <sup>13</sup>C ∕ <sup>12</sup>C ratios of atmospheric reactive-gas emissions

“…Compared to NMHCs/VOCs, the CO emission flux mapped onto the same burnt C 4 plant fraction results in a slightly heavier (+0.3 ‰ in δ 13 C) average composition in GFED. An exceptional case amongst the NMHCs is CH 3 OH which emitted significantly depleted 13 C with respect to the material burned, as shown by Yamada et al (2009). They attribute changes to the emission δ 13 C signature to the variations in the fraction of the precursor material (pectin vs. lignin methoxy pools; see also Keppler et al, 2004) and kinetic effects in loss processes.…”

“…Depletions of −(20-6) ‰ were measured within the studied range of MCE values of (85-98) %. Employing the relation provided by Yamada et al (2009) and GFED-derived MCE we estimate the global average depletion of CH 3 OH with respect to the plant material of −(12.4 ± 0.8) ‰, which corresponds to the average MCE value of (92.3 ± 0.7) %. The resulting methanol BB emission signature of −(36.9 ± 2.2) ‰ in EMAC compares well with −(33 ± 16) ‰ inferred by Yamada et al (2009).…”

“…Employing the relation provided by Yamada et al (2009) and GFED-derived MCE we estimate the global average depletion of CH 3 OH with respect to the plant material of −(12.4 ± 0.8) ‰, which corresponds to the average MCE value of (92.3 ± 0.7) %. The resulting methanol BB emission signature of −(36.9 ± 2.2) ‰ in EMAC compares well with −(33 ± 16) ‰ inferred by Yamada et al (2009). Notably, the GFEDv2.1 inventory provides the combustion completeness parameter (CC) which is the estimate of the fraction of the actual fuel load combusted.…”

Carbon isotopic characterization of formaldehyde emitted by vehicles in Guangzhou, China

“…13 C values of non-methane hydrocarbons emitted from biomass burning were correlated with burning conditions (Czapiewski et al, 2002;Yamada et al, 2009). …”