Carbon isotope fractionation in phospholipid fatty acid biomarkers of bacteria and fungi native to an acid mine drainage lake

Cowie, B.; Slater, G. F.; Bernier, L.; Warren, Lesley A.

doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2009.06.004

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Cyclopropanation is a modification found commonly in many prokaryotes, especially under stress conditions. Cyclopropanation has been found to increase the acid tolerance of E. coli (Chang and Cronan 2002), and is a common modification found in Acidithiobacillus phospholipids (Cowie et al 2009;Aston et al 2009). Methenylation is found less commonly, and usually in eukaryote-associated organisms such as Mycobacterium ssp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deuterium-exchange metabolomics identifies N-methyl lyso phosphatidylethanolamines as abundant lipids in acidophilic mixed microbial communities

et al. 2011

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Natural microbial communities are extremely diverse and contain uncharacterized but functionally important small molecules. By coupling a deuterium (D) labeling technique to high mass accuracy untargeted liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) metabolomic analysis, we found that natural acidophilic microbial biofilms dominated by bacteria of the genus Leptospirillum contained unusual lyso phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) lipids in high abundance (more than 10 nmol/mg of dry biomass). The unusual polar head group structure of these lipids is similar to lipids found in phylogenetically unrelated acidophilic chemoautolithotrophs and may be related to the affinity of these lipids for iron and calcium ions. Correlations of lyso phospholipid and proteome abundance patterns suggest a link between the lyso phospholipids and the UBA-type substrain of Leptospirillum group II. By combining untargeted metabolomics with D exchange we demonstrate the ability to identify cryptic but biologically functional small molecules in mixed microbial communities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deuterium-exchange metabolomics identifies N-methyl lyso phosphatidylethanolamines as abundant lipids in acidophilic mixed microbial communities

et al. 2011

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“…On the one hand, the 3-hydroxypropionate pathway causes smaller isotopic fractionation (−13 to 14 ‰) compared to the Calvin cycle (−20 to −25 ‰, van der Meer et al, 2007, and references therein), which is of special importance in systems where microbial mats and cyanobacteria play a large role in C translocation to soil and soil microbial biomass. On the other hand, autotrophic organisms may express a high level of isotopic fractionation, and fractionation has been reported to be interestingly high within the context of inorganic C fixation (Cowie et al, 2009). …”

Section: Synthesis/ Remobilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon allocation and carbon isotope fluxes in the plant-soil-atmosphere continuum: a review

Brüggemann¹,

et al. 2011

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Abstract. The terrestrial carbon (C) cycle has received increasing interest over the past few decades, however, there is still a lack of understanding of the fate of newly assimilated C allocated within plants and to the soil, stored within ecosystems and lost to the atmosphere. Stable carbon isotope studies can give novel insights into these issues. In this review we provide an overview of an emerging picture of plant-soil-atmosphere C fluxes, as based on C isotopeCorrespondence to: N. Brüggemann (n.brueggemann@fz-juelich.de) studies, and identify processes determining related C isotope signatures. The first part of the review focuses on isotopic fractionation processes within plants during and after photosynthesis. The second major part elaborates on plantinternal and plant-rhizosphere C allocation patterns at different time scales (diel, seasonal, interannual), including the speed of C transfer and time lags in the coupling of assimilation and respiration, as well as the magnitude and controls of plant-soil C allocation and respiratory fluxes. Plant responses to changing environmental conditions, the functional relationship between the physiological and phenological status of plants and C transfer, and interactions between Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 3458 N. Brüggemann et al.: Plant-soil-atmosphere C fluxes C, water and nutrient dynamics are discussed. The role of the C counterflow from the rhizosphere to the aboveground parts of the plants, e.g. via CO 2 dissolved in the xylem water or as xylem-transported sugars, is highlighted. The third part is centered around belowground C turnover, focusing especially on above-and belowground litter inputs, soil organic matter formation and turnover, production and loss of dissolved organic C, soil respiration and CO 2 fixation by soil microbes. Furthermore, plant controls on microbial communities and activity via exudates and litter production as well as microbial community effects on C mineralization are reviewed. A further part of the paper is dedicated to physical interactions between soil CO 2 and the soil matrix, such as CO 2 diffusion and dissolution processes within the soil profile. Finally, we highlight state-of-the-art stable isotope methodologies and their latest developments. From the presented evidence we conclude that there exists a tight coupling of physical, chemical and biological processes involved in C cycling and C isotope fluxes in the plant-soil-atmosphere system. Generally, research using information from C isotopes allows an integrated view of the different processes involved. However, complex interactions among the range of processes complicate or currently impede the interpretation of isotopic signals in CO 2 or organic compounds at the plant and ecosystem level. This review tries to identify present knowledge gaps in correctly interpreting carbon stable isotope signals in the plant-soil-atmosphere system and how future research approaches could contribute to closing these gaps.

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“…These samples were mixtures of the fresh yellow flocculate with bacterial matter and some debris of the green algae. The source of the nitrogen may be related to effluents of local wastewater into the lake (Pedrozo et al 2001, while the δ 13 C and C/N values suggest that the sample contains abundant bacterial organic matter (Cowie et al 2009). …”

Section: Alteration Mineralogy In the Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid Rivers and Lakes at Caviahue-Copahue Volcano as Potential Terrestrial Analogues for Aqueous Paleo-Environments on Mars

Aguilar

Varekamp

Bergen

et al. 2015

Active Volcanoes of the World

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Mars carries primary rock with patchy occurrences of sulfates and sheet silicates. Both Mg-and Fe-sulfates have been documented, the former being rather uncommon on Earth. To what extent can a natural acidic river system on Earth be a terrestrial analog for early Mars environments? Copahue volcano (Argentina) has an active acid hydrothermal system that has precipitated a suite of minerals in its hydrothermal reservoir (silica, anhydrite, alunite, jarosite). Leakage from this subterranean system through hot springs and into the crater lake have formed a strongly acidified watershed (Río Agrio), which precipitates a host of minerals during cooling and dilution downstream. A suite of more than 100 minerals has been found and conditions for precipitation of the main phases are simulated with speciation/saturation routines. The lower part of the watershed (Lake Caviahue and the Lower Río Agrio) have abundant deposits of ferricrete since 2003: hydrous ferric oxides and schwertmannite occur, their precipitation being mediated by Fe-oxidizing bacteria and photochemical processes. Further downstream, at greater degrees of dilution, hydrous aluminum oxides and sulfates form and create 'alcretes' lining the river bed. The watershed carries among others jarosite, hematite, anhydrite, gypsum and silica minerals and the origin of all these minerals

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Carbon isotope fractionation in phospholipid fatty acid biomarkers of bacteria and fungi native to an acid mine drainage lake

Cited by 27 publications

References 51 publications

Deuterium-exchange metabolomics identifies N-methyl lyso phosphatidylethanolamines as abundant lipids in acidophilic mixed microbial communities

Deuterium-exchange metabolomics identifies N-methyl lyso phosphatidylethanolamines as abundant lipids in acidophilic mixed microbial communities

Carbon allocation and carbon isotope fluxes in the plant-soil-atmosphere continuum: a review

Acid Rivers and Lakes at Caviahue-Copahue Volcano as Potential Terrestrial Analogues for Aqueous Paleo-Environments on Mars

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