Carbon isotope composition in modern brachiopod calcite: A case of equilibrium with seawater?

Brand, Uwe; Azmy, Karem; Griesshaber, Erika; Bitner, Maria Aleksandra; Logan, Alan C.; Zuschin, Martin; Ruggiero, Emma Taddei; Colin, Patrick L.

doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.06.021

Cited by 30 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…As the primary layer is not secreted in equilibrium with ambient seawater (e.g. Carpenter and Lohmann, 1995;Brand et al, 2003Brand et al, , 2013, it is important to chemically remove it in order to avoid crosscontamination of results. Individual growth increments exclusively come from the secondary layer, and were separated from the shell in both dorsal and ventral valves using a WECHEER (WE 248) microdrill at low speed with a tungsten-carbide milling bit.…”

Section: Stable Isotope Analyses Of Shellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brachiopod shells are commonly used as archives for deeptime paleoenvironmental reconstructions as they potentially record the original geochemical composition of the seawater they lived in (Grossman et al, 1993;Banner and Kaufman, 1994;Mii and Grossman, 1994;Mii et al, 2001;Brand et al, 2003Brand et al, , 2011Brand et al, , 2016Jurikova et al, 2019). Several studies suggest that carbon and oxygen isotope compositions of the secondary layer of brachiopod shells, especially slow-growing species -and particularly the innermost shell parts -tend to be close to equilibrium with the ambient seawater temperature (e.g.…”

Section: Stable Isotope Variation Under Low-ph Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variation in brachiopod microstructure and isotope geochemistry under low-pH–ocean acidification conditions

Jurikova

Angiolini

et al. 2019

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. In the last few decades and in the near future CO2-induced ocean acidification is potentially a big threat to marine calcite-shelled animals (e.g. brachiopods, bivalves, corals and gastropods). Despite the great number of studies focusing on the effects of acidification on shell growth, metabolism, shell dissolution and shell repair, the consequences for biomineral formation remain poorly understood. Only a few studies have addressed the impact of ocean acidification on shell microstructure and geochemistry. In this study, a detailed microstructure and stable isotope geochemistry investigation was performed on nine adult brachiopod specimens of Magellania venosa (Dixon, 1789). These were grown in the natural environment as well as in controlled culturing experiments under different pH conditions (ranging from 7.35 to 8.15±0.05) over different time intervals (214 to 335 days). Details of shell microstructural features, such as thickness of the primary layer, density and size of endopunctae and morphology of the basic structural unit of the secondary layer were analysed using scanning electron microscopy. Stable isotope compositions (δ13C and δ18O) were tested from the secondary shell layer along shell ontogenetic increments in both dorsal and ventral valves. Based on our comprehensive dataset, we observed that, under low-pH conditions, M. venosa produced a more organic-rich shell with higher density of and larger endopunctae, and smaller secondary layer fibres. Also, increasingly negative δ13C and δ18O values are recorded by the shell produced during culturing and are related to the CO2 source in the culture set-up. Both the microstructural changes and the stable isotope results are similar to observations on brachiopods from the fossil record and strongly support the value of brachiopods as robust archives of proxies for studying ocean acidification events in the geologic past.

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Section: Stable Isotope Analyses Of Shellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stable Isotope Variation Under Low-ph Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in brachiopod microstructure and isotope geochemistry under low-pH–ocean acidification conditions

Jurikova

Angiolini

et al. 2019

Biogeosciences

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“…Curry and Fallick (2002) reported different δ 18 O values from ventral and dorsal valves of the same brachiopod specimen. However, recent studies found no significant difference in the geochemistry (trace chemistry and stable isotopes) between dorsal and ventral valves (Parkinson et al, 2005;Brand et al, 2015). Based on no difference in fibre shape and size between dorsal and ventral valves, no difference in the geochemical composition of the secondary layer should be expected between the two valves.…”

Section: Fibres Ontogeny and Shell Fabricmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brachiopod shells in particular are high resolution biomineral archives used to reconstruct global marine environments in the recent and deep past, because: 1) they record the physical and chemical composition of the seawater in which they live with no or limited vital effects (e.g., Parkinson et al, 2005;Brand et al, 2013Brand et al, , 2015; 2) they precipitate a low-Mg calcite shell, which is generally resistant to diagenetic alteration (Lowenstam, 1961;Brand and Veizer, 1980;Popp et al, 1986;Brand et al, 2011); 3) they are common in the Phanerozoic, especially during the Palaeozoic when they dominated benthic communities (Curry and Brunton, 2007); and, 4) they are low metabolic and physiologically unbuffered organisms sensitive to change in the physicochemical composition of the ambient seawater (Peck et al, 1997;Peck, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping of recent brachiopod microstructure: A tool for environmental studies

Crippa

Angiolini

et al. 2018

Journal of Structural Biology

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A B S T R A C TShells of brachiopods are excellent archives for environmental reconstructions in the recent and distant past as their microstructure and geochemistry respond to climate and environmental forcings. We studied the morphology and size of the basic structural unit, the secondary layer fibre, of the shells of several extant brachiopod taxa to derive a model correlating microstructural patterns to environmental conditions. Twenty-one adult specimens of six recent brachiopod species adapted to different environmental conditions, from Antarctica, to New Zealand, to the Mediterranean Sea, were chosen for microstructural analysis using SEM, TEM and EBSD. We conclude that: 1) there is no significant difference in the shape and size of the fibres between ventral and dorsal valves, 2) there is an ontogenetic trend in the shape and size of the fibres, as they become larger, wider, and flatter with increasing age. This indicates that the fibrous layer produced in the later stages of growth, which is recommended by the literature to be the best material for geochemical analyses, has a different morphostructure and probably a lower organic content than that produced earlier in life.In two species of the same genus living in seawater with different temperature and carbonate saturation state, a relationship emerged between the microstructure and environmental conditions. Fibres of the polar Liothyrella uva tend to be smaller, rounder and less convex than those of the temperate Liothyrella neozelanica, suggesting a relationship between microstructural size, shell organic matter content, ambient seawater temperature and calcite saturation state.

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“…Carbon and oxygen isotopes of brachiopod shell have been widely used in paleo-environmental studies (Mii et al 1997(Mii et al , 1999(Mii et al , 2001Brand et al 2015), but recent studies indicate that brachiopod shell has heterogeneous C isotopes (Parkinson et al 2005;Rollion-Bard et al 2016). Similarly, there is a wide range of variation in d 26 Mg within the same shell (Rollion-Bard et al 2016), although Mg isotopic fractionation of bulk brachiopod shell formation shows a consistent value of *1.3% (Immenhauser et al 2010;Wombacher et al 2011) (Fig.…”

Section: The Brachiopod Shell Componentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Mg isotopic composition of the early Carboniferous limestone: implications for carbonate as a seawater archive

Huang

et al. 2017

Acta Geochim

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Carbonate precipitation and hydrothermal reaction are the two major processes that remove Mg from seawater. Mg isotopes are significantly (up (1) micrite samples ranged from -2.86% to -2.97%; (2) pure marine cements varied from -3.40% to -3.54%, while impure cement samples containing small amount of Rugosa coral skeletons showed a wider range (-3.27% to -3.75%); (3) values for the mixture component were -3.17% and -3.49%; and (4) 26 Mg sw was only slightly affected by the faunal composition of carbonate-secreting organisms, even though biogenic carbonate accounts for more than 90% of marine carbonate production in Phanerozoic oceans and there is a wide range (0.2%-4.8%) of fractionation during biogenic carbonate formation.

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Carbon isotope composition in modern brachiopod calcite: A case of equilibrium with seawater?

Cited by 30 publications

References 60 publications

Variation in brachiopod microstructure and isotope geochemistry under low-pH–ocean acidification conditions

Variation in brachiopod microstructure and isotope geochemistry under low-pH–ocean acidification conditions

Mapping of recent brachiopod microstructure: A tool for environmental studies

Heterogeneous Mg isotopic composition of the early Carboniferous limestone: implications for carbonate as a seawater archive

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