Carbon isotope composition and water-use efficiency in plants with crassulacean acid metabolism

Winter, Klaus; Aranda, Jorge; Holtum, Joseph A. M.

doi:10.1071/fp04123

Cited by 116 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…Determination of chlorenchyma cell sap titratable acidity during both the wet and the dry seasons indicated existence of diurnal acidificationÁdeacidification cycles denoting operation of the obligate CAM. This CAM physiotype has previously been reported in some stem succulent Euphorbia species (Pearcy & Troughton 1975;Willert et al 1985;Martin et al 1990;Van Damme 1991;Mies et al 1996;Elhaak et al 1997;Winter et al 2005;Ameh 2006;Feakins and Sessions 2010). Nocturnal CO 2 uptake and daytime stomatal closure characteristic of CAM imply avoidance of gas exchange when environmental conditions favor transpirational water loss and hence enhanced plant water economy (Walker & Leegood 1996;Winter & Smith 1996;Borland et al 2000;Sayed 2001b;Luttge 2004;Lu¨ttge 2008;Herrera 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Photosynthetic adaptation ofEuphorbia fractiflexa(Euphorbiaceae) and survival in arid regions of the Arabian Peninsula

Al‐Turki

Masrahi

Sayed

2013

Journal of Plant Interactions

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Arid regions of the Arabian Peninsula are characterized by a short wet season with erratic rainfall, high temperature, and high evaporation. In these arid regions, the leafless stem succulent Euphorbia fractiflexa S. Carter & J.R.I.Wood (Euphorbiaceae) is an abundant perennial. Work presented in this paper aimed at investigating crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) as a physiological adaptation crucial for survival of E. fractiflexa in arid regions of the Arabian Peninsula. Work involved investigations of stomatal diffusive conductance, chlorophyll fluorescence, and cell sap titratable acidity. Results represent the first report of obligate CAM in E. fractiflexa. Low values of stomatal conductance and dampening of CAM acidificationÁ deacidification cycles during the long dry season also denoted tendency of this species to shift from obligate CAM to CAM-idling. Results also showed water stress-induced reduction in Photosystem II (PSII) activity occurring in concomitance with increased non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence denoting operation of non-photochemical energy dissipation mechanisms that are important for photoprotection of the photosynthetic machinery under stress conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Photosynthetic adaptation ofEuphorbia fractiflexa(Euphorbiaceae) and survival in arid regions of the Arabian Peninsula

Al‐Turki

Masrahi

Sayed

2013

Journal of Plant Interactions

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“…Average meteorological conditions at the study site during the experiment are shown in Table II. These values were calculated from data collected on site every 15 min by an automated weather station (Winter et al, 2001(Winter et al, , 2005. Seedlings of Cupressus lusitanica, Pinus caribaea, and Thuja occidentalis were obtained from a commercial nursery in Chiriqui Province, Republic of Panama.…”

Section: Study Site and Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conifers, Angiosperm Trees, and Lianas: Growth, Whole-Plant Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Stable Isotope Composition (δ 13C and δ 18O) of Seedlings Grown in a Tropical Environment

et al. 2008

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Seedlings of several species of gymnosperm trees, angiosperm trees, and angiosperm lianas were grown under tropical field conditions in the Republic of Panama; physiological processes controlling plant C and water fluxes were assessed across this functionally diverse range of species. Relative growth rate, r, was primarily controlled by the ratio of leaf area to plant mass, of which specific leaf area was a key component. Instantaneous photosynthesis, when expressed on a leaf-mass basis, explained 69% of variation in r (P , 0.0001, n 5 94). Mean r of angiosperms was significantly higher than that of the gymnosperms; within angiosperms, mean r of lianas was higher than that of trees. Whole-plant nitrogen use efficiency was also significantly higher in angiosperm than in gymnosperm species, and was primarily controlled by the rate of photosynthesis for a given amount of leaf nitrogen. Whole-plant water use efficiency, TE c , varied significantly among species, and was primarily controlled by c i /c a , the ratio of intercellular to ambient CO 2 partial pressures during photosynthesis. Instantaneous measurements of c i /c a explained 51% of variation in TE c (P , 0.0001, n 5 94). Whole-plant 13 C discrimination also varied significantly as a function of c i /c a (R 2 5 0.57, P , 0.0001, n 5 94), and was, accordingly, a good predictor of TE c . The 18O enrichment of stem dry matter was primarily controlled by the predicted 18 O enrichment of evaporative sites within leaves (R 2 5 0.61, P , 0.0001, n 5 94), with some residual variation explained by mean transpiration rate. Measurements of carbon and oxygen stable isotope ratios could provide a useful means of parameterizing physiological models of tropical forest trees.Tropical forest ecosystems have been subject to extensive perturbations associated with anthropogenic activity in recent decades, and such perturbations will likely continue into the foreseeable future (Laurance et al., 2004;Wright, 2005). Effective environmental management requires knowledge of how such perturbations impact upon cycling of carbon (C) and water between forest trees and the atmosphere, and how these C and water fluxes relate to plant nutrient status. A sound, mechanistic understanding of the physiological processes that control photosynthesis and transpiration in tropical trees is therefore essential for understanding and managing the human impact upon tropical forests. In this study, we analyzed the physiological controls over growth (the relative rate of C accumulation), nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE; the rate of C accumulation for a given N content), water use efficiency (the ratio of whole-plant C gain to water loss), and stable isotope composition (d 13

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“…By allowing CO 2 uptake at night when the evapotranspiration rates are lower, the CAM pathway brings about substantial water conservation and represents a considerable adaptive advantage for plants living in habitats characterized by seasonal or intermittent restrictions in water supply (Lü ttge, 2004;Winter et al, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Nitric Oxide Mediates the Hormonal Control of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Expression in Young Pineapple Plants

Freschi¹,

Rodrigues²,

Domingues³

et al. 2010

Plant Physiol.

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Genotypic, developmental, and environmental factors converge to determine the degree of Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) expression. To characterize the signaling events controlling CAM expression in young pineapple (Ananas comosus) plants, this photosynthetic pathway was modulated through manipulations in water availability. Rapid, intense, and completely reversible up-regulation in CAM expression was triggered by water deficit, as indicated by the rise in nocturnal malate accumulation and in the expression and activity of important CAM enzymes. During both up-and down-regulation of CAM, the degree of CAM expression was positively and negatively correlated with the endogenous levels of abscisic acid (ABA) and cytokinins, respectively. When exogenously applied, ABA stimulated and cytokinins repressed the expression of CAM. However, inhibition of water deficit-induced ABA accumulation did not block the up-regulation of CAM, suggesting that a parallel, non-ABA-dependent signaling route was also operating. Moreover, strong evidence revealed that nitric oxide (NO) may fulfill an important role during CAM signaling. Up-regulation of CAM was clearly observed in NO-treated plants, and a conspicuous temporal and spatial correlation was also evident between NO production and CAM expression. Removal of NO from the tissues either by adding NO scavenger or by inhibiting NO production significantly impaired ABA-induced up-regulation of CAM, indicating that NO likely acts as a key downstream component in the ABA-dependent signaling pathway. Finally, tungstate or glutamine inhibition of the NO-generating enzyme nitrate reductase completely blocked NO production during ABA-induced up-regulation of CAM, characterizing this enzyme as responsible for NO synthesis during CAM signaling in pineapple plants.

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Carbon isotope composition and water-use efficiency in plants with crassulacean acid metabolism

Cited by 116 publications

References 47 publications

Photosynthetic adaptation ofEuphorbia fractiflexa(Euphorbiaceae) and survival in arid regions of the Arabian Peninsula

Photosynthetic adaptation ofEuphorbia fractiflexa(Euphorbiaceae) and survival in arid regions of the Arabian Peninsula

Conifers, Angiosperm Trees, and Lianas: Growth, Whole-Plant Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Stable Isotope Composition (δ 13C and δ 18O) of Seedlings Grown in a Tropical Environment

Nitric Oxide Mediates the Hormonal Control of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Expression in Young Pineapple Plants

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