Carbon isotope chemostratigraphy of a Precambrian/Cambrian boundary section in the Three Gorge area, South China: Prominent global-scale isotope excursions just before the Cambrian Explosion

Ishikawa, Tomoko; Ueno, Yuichiro; Komiya, Tsuyoshi; Sawaki, Yusuke; Han, Jian; Shu, Degan; Li, Yong; Maruyama, Shigenori; Yoshida, Naohiro

doi:10.1016/j.gr.2007.10.008

Cited by 150 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…At Yuanjia section, the PrecambrianCambrian boundary could be placed at the negative ␦ 13 C org excursion in the upper Liuchapo Formation (Guo et al, 2013) because this excursion may correlate with the ␦ 13 C carb and/or ␦ 13 C org negative excursions in the Daibu Member of the Zhujiaqing Formation at Xiaotan section, Yunnan Province Li et al, 2013a;Zhou et al, 1997) and in the lower part of the Yanjiahe Formation at Wuhe section, Three Gorges area (Cremonese et al, 2014;Ishikawa et al, 2008;Kikumoto et al, 2014) (Fig. 3b).…”

Section: Regional Correlationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine redox variations and nitrogen cycle of the early Cambrian southern margin of the Yangtze Platform, South China: Evidence from nitrogen and organic carbon isotopes

Wang

Struck

Guo

et al. 2015

Precambrian Research

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Section: Regional Correlationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine redox variations and nitrogen cycle of the early Cambrian southern margin of the Yangtze Platform, South China: Evidence from nitrogen and organic carbon isotopes

Wang

Struck

Guo

et al. 2015

Precambrian Research

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“…Previous studies revealed that a few unusually large negative carbon isotope anomalies, between 6 to 16 per mil, occurred after the snowball event. They were respectively in the early, middle, late Ediacaran and at the N-C boundary (Figures 1, 2), which was followed by an intensive fluctuation stage of δ 13 C excursion in the early Cambrian [14,30,85,86]. The δ 13 C excursions temporally correspond to the biological radiation and extinction events.…”

Section: Geochemical Events During the N-c And P-t Transitionsmentioning

confidence: 92%

A comparison of the biological, geological events and environmental backgrounds between the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian and Permian-Triassic transitions

Shen

Zhu

Wang

et al. 2010

Sci. China Earth Sci.

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The Neoproterozoic-Cambrian (N-C) and Permian-Triassic (P-T) transitions have been regarded the two most critical transitions in earth history because of the explosive biological radiation in the early Cambrian (the Cambrian Explosion) and the largest mass extinction at the end-Permian. Previous studies suggest that these two critical transitions showed certain comparability in major evolutionary events. In other words, a series of biological, geological, and geochemical events that had happened in the N-C transition occurred repeatedly during the P-T transition. Those events included continental re-configuration related to the deep mantle dynamics, global-scale glaciations, large C-, Sr-, and S-isotope perturbations indicating atmospheric and oceanic changes, abnormal precipitation of carbonates, and associated multiple biological radiations and mass extinctions. The coupling of those events in both N-C and P-T transitions suggests that deep mantle dynamics could be a primary mechanism driving dramatic changes of environment on the earth's surface, which in turn caused major biological re-organizations. A detailed comparison of those events during the two critical transitions indicates that despite their general comparability, significant differences do exist in magnitude, duration, and frequency. The supercontinent Rodinia began to rift before the Snowball Earth time. By contrast, the supercontinent Pangea entered the dispersal stage after the greatest glaciation from the Late Carboniferous to Cisuralian. Quantitative data and qualitative analyses of different fossil groups show a more profound mass extinction during the N-C transition than at the end-Permian in terms of ecosystem disruption. This is indicated by the disappearance of the whole Ediacaran biota at the N-C boundary. The subsequent appearances of many new complex animals at phylum level in the early Cambrian mark the establishment of a brand new ecosystem. However, the end-Permian mass extinction is manifested mainly by the extinction of many different taxa at class and order levels. Although it caused the extinction of 95% of marine species and 75% of terrestrial species as well as complete cessation of coal and reef deposits after the mass extinction, this high-level biological re-organization still occurred within an established ecosystem, however drastic it may seem. Survived or Lazarus taxa re-occupied the existing ecospace in a relatively short duration after the end-Permian mass extinction. C-isotope excursions display large perturbations during both transitions, yet also in different magnitudes and frequencies, which suggest different atmospheric and oceanic conditions. The recurrent geological and geochemical events as well as the coupled major biological turnovers during the two transitions provide new clues to understanding the interplays among the earth-life system. Thus, it is essential to carry out multidisciplinary studies from the deep internal system to the surface of the Earth as a whole in order to unravel the interactions of dif...

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“…Numerous studies have centered on the fossil record, the sedimentology, and the geochemistry of this period (Richard, 1998;Wu et al, 1999a, b;Yang et al, 2003;Yang et al, 2004;Xiao et al, 2005;Tribovillard et al, 2006;Goldberg et al, 2007;Jiang et al, 2007;Lehmann et al, 2007;Schröder and Grotzinger, 2007;Zhu et al, 2007;Guo et al, 2007a, b;Ishikawa et al, 2008;Sawaki et al, 2008;Wille et al, 2008;Guo et al, 2013;Ishikawaa et al, 2013;Pi et al, 2013;Xu et al, 2013;Feng et al, 2014;Och et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2015). Anoxic to euxinic conditions have been proposed for the early Cambrian based on the widespread deposition of black shales, the enrichment of certain redox-sensitive trace metals such as Mo, Ni, and PGE (Pt-group elements), and the prominent negative shifts in the isotopic evolution of C (lower δ…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

REE and trace element patterns from organic-rich rocks of the Ediacaran–Cambrian transitional interval

et al. 2016

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It has been established that important changes in the marine environment and the biosphere occurred during the Cambrian. However, the relationships between the so-called "Cambrian Explosion" and the concomitant environmental changes are not yet fully understood. This study presents new geochemical data from the black shale successions from different facies belts of the Yangtze Platform in South China. Variations in the concentrations of REE and trace elements (varying Ce/Ce*, Th/U, V/Sc, and V/Cr ratios) in kerogen as well as in bulk rocks from different depositional environments along a transect from platform to basin indicate two oxidation events, which led to the oxygenation of the water column in shallow-marine environments and euxinic conditions (weak correlation between TOC, V, U, and Mo) in the deeper sea. During the first oxidation event in the late Terreneuvian, anoxic conditions in bottom waters rapidly changed to euxinic conditions. Subsequently, the second oxidation event during the early Epoch 2 of the Cambrian led to oxic-suboxic conditions in deeper seawater.

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Carbon isotope chemostratigraphy of a Precambrian/Cambrian boundary section in the Three Gorge area, South China: Prominent global-scale isotope excursions just before the Cambrian Explosion

Cited by 150 publications

References 60 publications

Marine redox variations and nitrogen cycle of the early Cambrian southern margin of the Yangtze Platform, South China: Evidence from nitrogen and organic carbon isotopes

Marine redox variations and nitrogen cycle of the early Cambrian southern margin of the Yangtze Platform, South China: Evidence from nitrogen and organic carbon isotopes

A comparison of the biological, geological events and environmental backgrounds between the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian and Permian-Triassic transitions

REE and trace element patterns from organic-rich rocks of the Ediacaran–Cambrian transitional interval

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