Carbon-ion Radiotherapy for Isolated Lymph Node Metastasis After Surgery or Radiotherapy for Lung Cancer

Shirai, Katsuyuki; Kubota, Yoshiki; Ohno, Tatsuya; Saitoh, Jun‐ichi; Abe, Takanori; Mizukami, Tatsuji; Mori, Yoshihisa; Kawamura, Hidemasa; Akahane, Koshi; Nakano, Takashi

doi:10.3389/fonc.2019.00731

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Another current barrier to adoption in the United States is the lack of current randomized data to suggest a benefit of CIRT, although the development of a CIRT center in the United States has the potential to further develop new protocols and to advance preclinical research. Currently, early clinical prospective and retrospective studies have suggested both the safety and the efficacy of CIRT for a variety of disease sites, although there remains few phase III protocols [48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60]. Based on those early studies, multiple protocols are currently enrolling patients internationally [61].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Number of Patients Eligible for Carbon Ion Radiotherapy in the United States

Malouff

Vallow

Seneviratne

et al. 2020

International Journal of Particle Therapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose Carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) is an emerging radiotherapy modality with potential advantages over conventional photon-based therapy, including exhibiting a Bragg peak and greater relative biological effectiveness, leading to a higher degree of cell kill. Currently, 13 centers are treating with CIRT, although there are no centers in the United States. We aimed to estimate the number of patients eligible for a CIRT center in the United States. Materials and Methods Using the National Cancer Database, we analyzed the incidence of cancers frequently treated with CIRT internationally (glioblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, locally advanced pancreatic cancer, non–small cell lung cancer, localized prostate cancer, soft tissue sarcomas, and specific head and neck cancers) diagnosed in the United States in 2015. The percentage and number of patients likely benefiting from CIRT was estimated with inclusion criteria from clinical trials and retrospective studies, and that ratio was applied to 2019 cancer statistics. An adaption correction rate was applied to estimate the potential number of patients treated with CIRT. Given the high dependency on prostate and lung cancers and the uncertain adoption of CIRT in those diseases, the data were then reanalyzed excluding those diagnoses. Results Of the 1 127 455 new cases of cancer diagnosed in the United States in 2015, there were 213 073 patients (18.9%) eligible for treatment with CIRT based on inclusion criteria. When applying this rate and the adaption correction rate to the 2019 incidence data, an estimated 89 946 patients (42.2% of those fitting inclusion criteria) are eligible for CIRT. Excluding prostate and lung cancers, there were an estimated 8922 patients (10% of those eligible for CIRT) eligible for CIRT. The number of patients eligible for CIRT is estimated to increase by 25% to 27.7% by 2025. Conclusion Our analysis suggests a need for CIRT in the United States in 2019, with the number of patients possibly eligible to receive CIRT expected to increase during the coming 5 to 10 years.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Number of Patients Eligible for Carbon Ion Radiotherapy in the United States

Malouff

Vallow

Seneviratne

et al. 2020

International Journal of Particle Therapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similarly, as for conventional RT, fPRT or single-dose PRT might greatly affect the synergistic potential between PRT and IO, as already demonstrated for combined PRT and targeted therapies [ 194 , 195 ]. PRT fractionation thus far has shown excellent local control without severe toxicities [ 196 , 197 , 198 ]. For the radiobiology of protons and carbon ions, we refer to excellent reviews [ 199 , 200 , 201 , 202 , 203 ].…”

Section: Charged Particle Radiotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Charged Particle and Conventional Radiotherapy: Current Implications as Partner for Immunotherapy

Marcus

Lieverse

Klein

et al. 2021

Cancers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Radiotherapy (RT) has been shown to interfere with inflammatory signals and to enhance tumor immunogenicity via, e.g., immunogenic cell death, thereby potentially augmenting the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy. Conventional RT consists predominantly of high energy photon beams. Hypofractionated RT regimens administered, e.g., by stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), are increasingly investigated in combination with cancer immunotherapy within clinical trials. Despite intensive preclinical studies, the optimal dose per fraction and dose schemes for elaboration of RT induced immunogenic potential remain inconclusive. Compared to the scenario of combined immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) and RT, multimodal therapies utilizing other immunotherapy principles such as adoptive transfer of immune cells, vaccination strategies, targeted immune-cytokines and agonists are underrepresented in both preclinical and clinical settings. Despite the clinical success of ICI and RT combination, e.g., prolonging overall survival in locally advanced lung cancer, curative outcomes are still not achieved for most cancer entities studied. Charged particle RT (PRT) has gained interest as it may enhance tumor immunogenicity compared to conventional RT due to its unique biological and physical properties. However, whether PRT in combination with immune therapy will elicit superior antitumor effects both locally and systemically needs to be further investigated. In this review, the immunological effects of RT in the tumor microenvironment are summarized to understand their implications for immunotherapy combinations. Attention will be given to the various immunotherapeutic interventions that have been co-administered with RT so far. Furthermore, the theoretical basis and first evidences supporting a favorable immunogenicity profile of PRT will be examined.

show abstract

“…Mediastinal and hilar LNM is one of the recurrence patterns after definitive treatment of lung cancer. 4 Lymph node dissection is an important part of this procedure that can improve the prognosis of the patients diagnosed with early stage. 5 Although radiotherapy has proven to be effective for LNM, radiation pneumonitis inevitably decreases patients’ performance status and quality of life, which can be related to a worse long-term prognosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 7 Especially, repeated radiotherapy for lymph node recurrence after primary tumors should be evaluated carefully, because irradiation areas are wide and an excess radiation dose can be caused by overlapping radiotherapy. 4 , 8 Additionally, hilar and mediastinal lymph node metastases are frequently located close to organs at risk. 4 Therefore, it is an urgent need to develop an accurate model for predicting the risk of LNM that can be used to facilitate the management of clinical treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Machine Learning for the Prediction of Lymph Nodes Micrometastasis in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Comparative Analysis of Two Practical Prediction Models for Gross Target Volume Delineation

Hu¹,

Luo²,

Li³

2021

CMAR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose The lymph node gross target volume (GTV) delineation in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is crucial for prognosis. This study aimed to develop a predictive model that can be used to differentiate between lymph nodes micrometastasis (LNM) and non-lymph nodes micrometastasis (non-LNM). Patients and Methods A retrospective study involving 1524 patients diagnosed with NSCLC was collected in the First Hospital of Wuhan between January 1, 2017, and April 1, 2020. Duplicated and useless variables were excluded, and 16 candidate variables were selected for further analysis. The random forest (RF) algorithm and generalized linear (GL) algorithm were used to screen out the variables that greatly affected the LNM prediction, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) was compared between the RF model and GL model. Results The RF model revealed that the variables, including pathology, degree of differentiation, maximum short diameter of lymph node, tumor diameter, pulmonary membrane invasion, clustered lymph nodes, and T stage, were more significant for LNM prediction. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis for the GL model indicated that vascular invasion, tumor diameter, degree of differentiation, pulmonary membrane invasion, and maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) were positively associated with LNM. The AUC for the RF model and GL model was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.75 to 0.90) and 0.64 (95% CI: 0.60 to 0.70), respectively. Conclusion We successfully established an accurate and optimized RF model that could be used to predict LNM in patients with NSCLC. This model can be used to evaluate the risk of an individual patient experiencing LNM and therefore facilitate the choice of treatment.

show abstract

Carbon-ion Radiotherapy for Isolated Lymph Node Metastasis After Surgery or Radiotherapy for Lung Cancer

Cited by 11 publications

References 30 publications

Estimating the Number of Patients Eligible for Carbon Ion Radiotherapy in the United States

Estimating the Number of Patients Eligible for Carbon Ion Radiotherapy in the United States

Charged Particle and Conventional Radiotherapy: Current Implications as Partner for Immunotherapy

Machine Learning for the Prediction of Lymph Nodes Micrometastasis in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Comparative Analysis of Two Practical Prediction Models for Gross Target Volume Delineation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About