Carbon in plant biomass and soils of poplar and willow plantations—implications for SOC distribution in different soil fractions after re-conversion to arable land

Toenshoff, Charlotte; Stuelpnagel, Reinhold; Joergensen, Rainer Georg; Wachendorf, Christine

doi:10.1007/s11104-012-1481-3

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Increasing the accuracy of coarse root biomass estimates is also important for a better understanding of C cycling in the soils. Large roots have particularly slow decay rates, and they can contribute to the belowground biomass C pool over a century after harvest [97], while having a short-term positive effect on soil organic C stocks once incorporated into the soil [98]. Lastly, more accurate coarse root biomass estimates are also be needed, as coarse root biomass may eventually represent a valuable bioenergy feedstock in some countries [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic Allometry in Coarse Root Biomass of Mature Hybrid Poplar Plantations

et al. 2015

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In this study, we sampled coarse root biomass of three poplar clones in four 13-year-old hybrid poplar (Populus spp.) plantations, with the objective of developing an allometric relationship between diameter at breast height (DBH) and coarse root biomass. A second objective was to test significance of site, clone and ×site clone interaction effects on coarse root biomass, using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), with DBH as a covariate. Across the four sites, the general allometric relationship between DBH and coarse root biomass was highly significant (R 2 =0.78, p<0.001). However, given the high significance of the site effect (p< 0.001) in the ANCOVA and the differences in data distribution between sites, two allometric relationships were developed based on the fertility class of sites (high and moderate). Environmentspecific allometric relationships developed for two site fertility classes had a better fit (R 2 =0.81-0.90, p<0.001). ANCOVA, with DBH as a covariate and site fertility class as a main effect, also showed that both of these variables significantly affected (p <0.001) coarse root biomass allocation. Environmentspecific equations showed that higher coarse root biomass was allocated in harsher environments for a given DBH, probably to improve access to growth limiting soil nutrients or to build-up larger storage sites for amino acids and non-structural carbohydrates. Consequently, poplar coarse root biomass growth is both driven by ontogeny (size) and environment, reflecting the plasticity of the root system of mature poplars. Implications of using general vs. environment-specific equations in estimating stand-level root biomass and shoot to root ratios are discussed. Shoot to root ratios calculated using environment-specific equations were more strongly correlated to key environmental variables than ratios calculated using the general equation, with soil NO 3 supply rate being the strongest predictor of the ratio (R 2 =0.90, p<0.001).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic Allometry in Coarse Root Biomass of Mature Hybrid Poplar Plantations

et al. 2015

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“…The turnover of coarse and stump roots, which belong to the greatest fraction of roots of SRC [47], has not been considered in this study. According to Berhongaray et al [37], we focussed within the poplar rhizosphere on the development of fine roots with a diameter < 2 mm.…”

Section: Driving Forces Of No 3 − Leaching In Srcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Effects over the First 2½ Rotation Periods of a Fertilised Poplar Short Rotation Coppice

et al. 2017

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A short rotation coppice (SRC) with poplar was established in a randomised fertilisation experiment on sandy loam soil in Potsdam (Northeast Germany). The main objective of this study was to assess if negative environmental effects as nitrogen leaching and greenhouse gas emissions are enhanced by mineral nitrogen (N) fertiliser applied to poplar at rates of 0, 50 and 75 kg N ha −1 year −1 and how these effects are influenced by tree age with increasing number of rotation periods and cycles of organic matter decomposition and tree growth after each harvesting event. Between 2008 and 2012, the leaching of nitrate (NO 3 − ) was monitored with self-integrating accumulators over 6-month periods and the emissions of the greenhouse gases (GHG) nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) were determined in closed gas chambers. During the first 4 years of the poplar SRC, most nitrogen was lost through NO 3 − leaching from the main root zone; however, there was no significant relationship to the rate of N fertilisation. On average, 5.8 kg N ha −1 year −1 (13.0 kg CO 2equ ) was leached from the root zone. Nitrogen leaching rates decreased in the course of the 4-year study parallel to an increase of the fine root biomass and the degree of mycorrhization. In contrast to N leaching, the loss of nitrogen by N 2 O emissions from the soil was very low with an average of 0.61 kg N ha −1 year −1 (182 kg CO 2equ ) and were also not affected by N fertilisation over the whole study period. Real CO 2 emissions from the poplar soil were two orders of magnitude higher ranging between 15,122 and 19,091 kg CO 2 ha −1 year −1 and followed the rotation period with enhanced emission rates in the years of harvest. As key-factors for NO 3 − leaching and N 2 O emissions, the time after planting and after harvest and the rotation period have been identified by a mixed effects model.

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“…Soil was collected from a deep-plowed Gleyic Podzol with a soil texture of silty sand (76% sand, 20% silt, 4% clay) described by Toenshoff et al (2013a). The soil was sieved (2 mm mesh size) and the root litter was removed by sieving and by hand picking.…”

Section: Incubation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During reconversion of these soils to arable land liming is therefore required. Furthermore, a large amount of aboveground and belowground harvest residues accrues, which makes intensive tillage necessary (Toenshoff et al, 2013a). Both liming and intensive soil tillage may increase the turnover of soil organic matter thus offsetting the potential positive effect of SRC on the soil carbon (C) pool.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon in plant biomass and soils of poplar and willow plantations—implications for SOC distribution in different soil fractions after re-conversion to arable land

Cited by 23 publications

References 36 publications

Plastic Allometry in Coarse Root Biomass of Mature Hybrid Poplar Plantations

Plastic Allometry in Coarse Root Biomass of Mature Hybrid Poplar Plantations

Environmental Effects over the First 2½ Rotation Periods of a Fertilised Poplar Short Rotation Coppice

Effects of liming and mineral N on initial decomposition of soil organic matter and post harvest root residues of poplar

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