Carbon foams with a triplex pore structure by compression molding of molten sucrose–NaCl powder pastes

Wilson, Praveen; Vijayan, Sujith; Prabhakaran, K.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2017.03.084

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The CCF obtained by NaCl removal by washing with hot water and subsequent carbonization at 900 °C contain the disordered carbon and the crystalline graphite phases. The XRD analysis of the composite foams Figure a, shows three prominent peaks, two sharp peaks at 26.7° and 54.9° corresponding to the reflections from (002) plane and (004) plane of graphite and a broad peak at 44.6° corresponding to the reflection from (101) plane of the disordered carbon . Comparison of the XRD spectrum (Figure b) of CCFs with increasing graphite loading shows an increase in the intensity of the peak corresponding to the reflection from (002) plane.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The size of the NaCl particles, estimated from SEM images using ImageJ software, lies within the range of 2–14 μm with a majority in 2 to 8 μm. From the SEM images, it is evident that there are no large pores which are expected due to the entrapment of water vapor generated during the polymerization of sucrose . Removal of the NaCl particles by water‐washing creates microcells throughout the carbon body.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermally Conducting Microcellular Carbon Foams as a Superior Host for Wax‐Based Phase Change Materials

2019

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Thermally conducting microcellular carbon foams are prepared from sucrose with graphite as a filler using an economical, scalable, and sustainable NaCl particle templating technique. The effect of graphite filler and NaCl template loading on density, porosity, thermal conductivity, and microstructure are carefully investigated. Conducting carbon foams (CCF) exhibit high porosity (76.1 to 93.4%) and adequate compressive strength (0.225 to 14.96 MPa). The high thermal conductivity (0.282 to 5.23 W m À1 K À1 ), interconnected microcellular structure (cell size 2-12 μm), and hydrophobic nature make the foams ideal for hosting wax-based phase change materials for thermal energy storage and management applications. Composites of conducting carbon foam and paraffin wax (PW) are prepared with various wax loadings (50.5 to 82.6 wt%), which exhibit thermal conductivities in the range of 0.65-7.72 W m À1 K À1 . The melting and freezing characteristics and form stability of the composites are also studied. It is established that the microcellular structure is advantageous for easy wax-impregnation and retention during thermal cycling compared to macrocellular (cell size of 600 μm) foams of the similar composition due to the enhanced capillary forces. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) study of PW/CCF composites shows the highest melting enthalpy of 110.9 J g À1 .

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermally Conducting Microcellular Carbon Foams as a Superior Host for Wax‐Based Phase Change Materials

2019

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“…It has been reported that carbon foams with <80 wt % carbon content are produced in the literature. For instance, carbon contents of flexible foams prepared with different proportions of biopitch and hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene were changed in the range of 75.1–79.2% . Similarly, nitrogen‐doped mesocellular carbon foam with 73.3 wt % carbon content were synthesized by Shi et al .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the compressive strength values, when bio-oil and phenol mixture was used as the solvent, carbon foams were produced more durable than conventional phenolic foams. Wilson et al42 prepared carbon foams with a compression strength of 2.84-8.37 MPa. Lin et al 1 fabricated carbon foams from bisphenol A cyanate ester with a compressive strength of 3.15 MPa at a bulk density of 0.26 g/cm…”

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confidence: 99%

Carbon foam production from bio‐based polyols of liquefied spruce tree sawdust: Effects of biomass/solvent mass ratio and pyrolytic oil addition

Özbay

Yargıç

2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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One of the next‐generation structural materials is carbon foam. Porous materials have become an intriguing alternative material to traditional ones in many utilizations based on their light weight and incomparable properties. Coal or fossil oils are conventionally used to produce pitch, phenolic resin, and polyurethane as carbon foam precursor. Biomass liquefaction is a developing technique to convert biomass resources into the industrial chemicals. In this study, spruce tree sawdust was liquefied under mild conditions with different solvent type (phenol or phenol + bio‐oil mixture). The unique aspect of this work is the synthesis of bio‐polyol when pyrolytic oil is used as an alternative to phenol in the solvolysis reaction and its evaluation in carbon foam production with multilayer graphene sheets. Therewithal, the ratios of biomass to solvent were 1/3 as well as 1/5, and the comparison of product characteristics is another originality of the study. Slow pyrolysis of spruce tree sawdust was performed under static atmosphere and bio‐oil was characterized with elemental analysis and various chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. The effect of mass ratio of biomass/solvent on the characteristics of porous resin foams synthesized from liquefaction product. Obtained resin foams were carbonized at 400 °C, and then activated at 800 °C under nitrogen atmosphere. Structure evaluation of resin foams, carbonized foams, and activated carbon foams from liquefied spruce tree sawdust was investigated by using elemental analysis, x‐ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms, scanning electron microscopy, true/bulk density, and compressive strength tests. Although the surface area values decreased when bio‐oil was added as a solvent, it was determined that the compression strengths of the produced carbon foams (up to 1.080 MPa) were higher than that of conventional phenolic foams. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47185.

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“…[8][9][10] In some reports, sucrose and tannin have been adopted. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] In addition to these biomass materials, polysaccharides such as starch, cellulose and chitosan, are very attractive due to their huge reserves. As the largest group of polymers produced in the world, the annual production of polysaccharides is about 150 000 M tons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple strategy for converting starch to novel compressible carbonaceous foam: mechanism, enlightenment and potential application

Lei

Yang

et al. 2018

RSC Adv.

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Carbon foams with a triplex pore structure by compression molding of molten sucrose–NaCl powder pastes

Cited by 23 publications

References 42 publications

Thermally Conducting Microcellular Carbon Foams as a Superior Host for Wax‐Based Phase Change Materials

Thermally Conducting Microcellular Carbon Foams as a Superior Host for Wax‐Based Phase Change Materials

Carbon foam production from bio‐based polyols of liquefied spruce tree sawdust: Effects of biomass/solvent mass ratio and pyrolytic oil addition

A simple strategy for converting starch to novel compressible carbonaceous foam: mechanism, enlightenment and potential application

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