Carbon fluxes and pelagic ecosystem dynamics near two western Antarctic Peninsula Adélie penguin colonies: an inverse model approach

Effect of continental shelf canyons on phytoplankton biomass and community composition along the western Antarctic Peninsula

“…As the diatom relative abundance over the canyons shifts towards smaller phytoplankton, we may see decreased export and trophic transfer efficiency of particulate organic carbon as has been inferred from regional studies (e.g. Moline et al 2004, Sailley et al 2013.…”

“…Decreased biomass in the northern WAP is also associated with substantial de crea ses in primary production (12−50%; Vernet et al 2008). Finally, phytoplankton (Montes-Hugo et al 2009) and food-web structure (Sailley et al 2013) may shift with continued reductions in sea ice cover, with dominance by smaller phytoplankton and in creased microbial recycling in regions where seasonal sea ice formation is minimal.…”

Multiscale control of bacterial production by phytoplankton dynamics and sea ice along the western Antarctic Peninsula: A regional and decadal investigation

“…The original support for this idea comes from observations of rapid 23 sea ice loss (Stammerjohn et al, 2008a;Stammerjohn et al, 2008c), declines of Adélie penguin 1 populations in the north (Ducklow et al, 2006a;Fraser and Ainley, 1986;Smith et al, 1999), 2 shifts in the dominant phytoplankton species from diatoms to cryptophytes (Moline et al, 2004;3 Moline et al, 2008), and decadal-scale declines in phytoplankton and krill stocks in northern 4 regions (Atkinson et al, 2004;Montes-Hugo et al, 2009). 5 Sailley et al (2011) tested this climate migration hypothesis by incorporating twelve years 6 of Palmer LTER data (1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006) into an inverse foodweb model that satisfied various criteria 7 including observational constraints such as primary production, krill biomass and export levels 8 (Stukel and Landry, 2010). The model was used to seek solutions to the complete flow structure 9 of exchanges among organisms each year in northern and southern foodwebs.…”

“…Climate change appears to be progressively altering foodwebs from north to south along 21 the Antarctic Peninsula, transforming them from diatom-krill-dominated to microbe-dominated 22 systems (Sailley et al, 2011). The original support for this idea comes from observations of rapid 23 sea ice loss (Stammerjohn et al, 2008a;Stammerjohn et al, 2008c), declines of Adélie penguin 1 populations in the north (Ducklow et al, 2006a;Fraser and Ainley, 1986;Smith et al, 1999), 2 shifts in the dominant phytoplankton species from diatoms to cryptophytes (Moline et al, 2004;3 Moline et al, 2008), and decadal-scale declines in phytoplankton and krill stocks in northern 4 regions (Atkinson et al, 2004;Montes-Hugo et al, 2009).…”

Gastrointestinal helminths of Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) from Antarctica

“…Adults begin to arrive on the coast in late September or early October and the breeding season lasts until February. Adé lie penguins feed along the marginal ice zone, which extends for approximately 100 km from the edge of the pack ice (Croxall et al 2002), and are susceptible to changes in the distribution and abundance of krill and fish (Schofield et al 2010;Sailley et al 2013), which are their main prey species (Coria et al 1995;Libertelli et al 2003). During the winter, Adé lie penguins are obligate inhabitants of the pack ice (Trivelpiece et al 1987).…”