Carbon fiber/epoxy matrix composite interphases modified with cellulose nanocrystals

Batista, Mariana Desireé Reale; Drzal, Lawrence T.

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2018.05.010

Cited by 77 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In detail, datasets of untreated CFRPs were used as reference, while CFRPs with CFs surface modification were included. Surface modification contained the introduction of oxygen species on the fiber surface, the attachment of monomers (sizing formulations), and the growth of CNTs, which are commonly adapted in literature [3][4][5][6][7][8]. Seed of random numbers was called to achieve a statistically unbiased estimation.…”

Section: Split Of Training and Test Setsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The subsequent incorporation of functional groups and novel sizing formulations improves the interphase and consequently, the CFRP mechanical properties [4][5][6]. Moreover, reinforcement with nanomaterials, such as CNTs growth on CFs is reported to effectively deal with the brittle fracture mechanism of the epoxy-based CFRPs similarly to aforementioned processes [3,7,8]. These processes are commonly adopted to increase mechanical interlocking unidirectionally in order to fulfil maximum potential of composites according to the law of mixture [3,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Applying Machine Learning to Nanoindentation Data of (Nano-) Enhanced Composites

Koumoulos

Konstantopoulos

Charitidis

2019

Fibers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) are continuously gaining attention in aerospace and space applications, and especially their multi-scale reinforcement with nanoadditives. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, carbon nanofibers (CNFs), and their functionalized forms are often incorporated into interactive systems to engage specific changes in the environment of application to a smart response. Structural integrity of these nanoscale reinforced composites is assessed with advanced characterization techniques, with the most prominent being nanoindentation testing. Nanoindentation is a well-established technique, which enables quantitative mapping of nanomechanical properties with the µm surficial and nm indentation resolution scale and high precision characterization. This feature enables the characterization of the interface in a statistical and quantitative manner and the correlation of (nano-) reinforcement to interface properties of CFRPs. Identification of reinforcement is performed with k-Nearest Neighbors and Support Vector Machine classification algorithms. Expertise is necessary to describe the physical problem and create representative training/testing datasets. Development of open source Machine Learning algorithms can have an influential impact on uniformity of nanometry data creation and management. The statistical character of nanoindentation is a key factor to supply information on heterogeneity of multiscale reinforced composites. Both the identification of (nano-) reinforcement and quality assessment of composites are provided by involving artificial intelligence.

show abstract

Section: Split Of Training and Test Setsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying Machine Learning to Nanoindentation Data of (Nano-) Enhanced Composites

Koumoulos

Konstantopoulos

Charitidis

2019

Fibers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…6 With time, research work on cellulose filled polymer composites has been grown significantly where cellulose has been used in various forms such as nanofibrils, nanocrystals, microcrystals, and whiskers. [7][8][9][10][11][12] Crystalline nanocellulose (CNC) is a typical form of cellulose that possesses favorable characteristics such as high aspect ratio, specific surface area, appreciable tensile strength, flexibility, hydrophilic surface, and biodegradability. Moreover, availability of active functionalities at their surface makes them suitable for chemical modification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and chemical modification of crystalline nanocellulose to reinforce natural rubber composites

Singh

Dhakar

Kapgate

et al. 2020

Polymers for Advanced Techs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Potential of crystalline nanocellulose (CNC), as green reinforcing filler, has been evaluated for the preparation of natural rubber (NR) composites. CNC is derived from a natural source (ramie fiber) and its surface is modified with different organosilanes to strengthen the rubber‐filler interaction at the interface. It is found that, although at 2.5 phr (parts per hundred parts of rubber) loading of CNC the mechanical property of the NR composites is improved, it deteriorates at 5 phr loading. Surface modification of CNC by organosilanes is found very useful to overcome this issue. The modulus values at low strain become almost 1.5 to 2 times higher while tensile strength becomes 2.5 times higher for the modified CNC filled composites relative to those of CNC filled composites at 5 phr loading. These results are corroborated with a morphological study, where a very good state of dispersion of CNC particles is found in the surface‐modified CNC filled composites. Moreover, the particle size of CNC becomes almost half, in respect to that of unmodified CNC particles, upon surface modification by organosilane. The reinforcement effect delivered by CNC and surface‐modified CNC is also reflected by a small positive shift in Glass Transition Temperature (Tg) in differential scanning calorimetry study.

show abstract

“…The remarkable promotion of thermal conductivity can be achieved by particulate fillers of Al 2 O 3 , 9 Si 3 N 4 , 10,11 AlN, 12,13 BN, 9,13,14 graphite, 15 and diamond 9,16 in case of high filler content, but this promotion harms the mechanical properties and challenges the process of the composite. One-dimensional (1D) fillers, such as carbon fiber, 17,18 SiC whiskers, 19 carbon nanotube, 20 and even the recently booming two-dimensional (2D) graphene, 21 have been reported to obtain the remarkable effects of the reinforcement and toughening of epoxy owing to their morphology and scale. Furthermore, these 1D or 2D fillers, such as carbon fiber, 22 carbon nanotube, 23,24 SiC nanowire, [25][26][27] and graphene, 28,29 have the potential to promote the thermal conductivity of the composite by building thermal conductive networks at a low filler content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promotion of the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of epoxy by low Si₃N₄ whisker content and its mechanisms

Liu

Zhang

Liu³

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Si3N4 whisker (Si3N4w) is selected as epoxy filler. The influence of filler content on the bulk density, porosity, bending strength, Young's modulus, critical stress intensity factor, work of failure, morphologies of fracture surface, and thermal conductivity of Si3N4w/epoxy is investigated. The bending strength is 82.63 MPa at a Si3N4w content of 5 vol% and increases to 25.29% more than that of neat epoxy. Compared with that of neat epoxy, the work of failure and thermal conductivity increase by 455% and 34.78% to 18 248.92 J·m−2 and 0.31 W·m−1·K−1, respectively, at a Si3N4w content of 7 vol%. However, Si3N4w/epoxy becomes sensitive to precrack due to a weak CN bond and residual tensile stress at the interface, thereby resulting in the decline of critical stress intensity factor. The coexistence of various energy dissipation mechanisms, namely, steps, craters or depressions, stress whitening, plastic flow, pull out of Si3N4w, and rough fracture surface, is observed in Si3N4w/epoxy. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48721.

show abstract

Carbon fiber/epoxy matrix composite interphases modified with cellulose nanocrystals

Cited by 77 publications

References 25 publications

Applying Machine Learning to Nanoindentation Data of (Nano-) Enhanced Composites

Applying Machine Learning to Nanoindentation Data of (Nano-) Enhanced Composites

Synthesis and chemical modification of crystalline nanocellulose to reinforce natural rubber composites

Promotion of the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of epoxy by low Si₃N₄ whisker content and its mechanisms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Carbon fiber/epoxy matrix composite interphases modified with cellulose nanocrystals

Cited by 77 publications

References 25 publications

Applying Machine Learning to Nanoindentation Data of (Nano-) Enhanced Composites

Applying Machine Learning to Nanoindentation Data of (Nano-) Enhanced Composites

Synthesis and chemical modification of crystalline nanocellulose to reinforce natural rubber composites

Promotion of the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of epoxy by low Si3N4 whisker content and its mechanisms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Promotion of the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of epoxy by low Si₃N₄ whisker content and its mechanisms