Carbon emissions from land cover change in Central Vietnam

Avitabile, Valerio; Schultz, Michael; Herold, Nadine; Bruin, S. de; Pratihast, Arun Kumar; Cuong, Pham Manh; Hien, Vu Quang; Herold, Martin

doi:10.1080/17583004.2016.1254009

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…From the analysis of the 3 Landsat images, it was observed that the changes that occurred thus far happened in LULC types of the study area that largely changed from natural environment to modified ecosystems, which further paves the way to complete destruction of natural ecosystems. A previous study, for example, disclosed that of the existing stocks, approximately 1.1% of net C emissions have been documented as a result of LULC change from 2001 to 2010 (Avitabile et al ). That study further revealed that the conversion of forest to agricultural land contributes the largest share of emissions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Analysis of Land‐use and Land‐cover Dynamics of Adama District, Ethiopia and Its Implication to Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Hundera¹,

Mpandeli

Bantider

2019

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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Uncontrolled change in land use and land cover (LULC) enhances the concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This study, therefore, is aimed at the spatiotemporal analysis of LULC dynamics and their implications for the greenhouse gas emissions of the Adama district of Ethiopia. The dry season Landsat image Thematic Mapper (TM) of 1986, Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM) of 2000, and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) of 2014 were downloaded from the United States Geological Survey Global Visualization Viewer Website and employed. The hybrid classification approach was performed after the preprocessing of the image. Moreover, observations, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions were used. The analysis was carried out using the image data and survey data. The result indicates that agricultural land and shrub and bush lands covered 80.98%, 76.75%, and 74.42% of the study area during 1986, 2000, and 2014, respectively. Although there were differences in the magnitudes and rates of change during the considered years, the LULC classification results of this study indicated that most natural environments are converted to human‐dominated environments, which can be attributed to human‐induced activities. Due to this conversion, environmental degradation is aggravated, which again paves the way for the increased concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The study concludes that, largely as a result of interventions from the communities living in the area, the study area is being transformed from the natural ecosystem to a managed environment. Hence, the practices of smallholder farmers with respect to protected areas, afforestation, and reforestation must be strengthened and supported by an integrated policy framework. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019;00:1–13. © 2019 SETAC

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Analysis of Land‐use and Land‐cover Dynamics of Adama District, Ethiopia and Its Implication to Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Hundera¹,

Mpandeli

Bantider

2019

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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“…The RMSE was thus used to generate a probability distribution for each layer by assuming that error was normally distributed unless otherwise noted. In addition, uncertainty associated with LUC extent was derived from the user's accuracy and included in this analysis [51]. Emissions from each C pool were calculated by resampling without replacement each of the input distributions.…”

Section: Emissions Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon emissions from cropland expansion in the United States

Spawn

Lark

Gibbs

2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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After decades of decline, croplands are once again expanding across the United States. A recent spatially explicit analysis mapped nearly three million hectares of US cropland expansion that occurred between 2008 and 2012. Land use change (LUC) of this sort can be a major source of anthropogenic carbon (C) emissions, though the effects of this change have yet to be analyzed. We developed a data-driven model that combines these high-resolution maps of cropland expansion with published maps of biomass and soil organic carbon stocks (SOC) to map and quantify the resulting C emissions. Our model increases emphasis on non-forest-i.e. grassland, shrubland and wetlandabove and belowground biomass C stocks and the response of SOC to LUC-emission sources that are frequently neglected in traditional C accounting. These sources represent major emission conduits in the US, where new croplands primarily replace grasslands. We find that expansion between 2008-12 caused, on average, a release of 55.0 MgC ha −1 (SD spatial =39.9 MgC ha −1 ), which resulted in total emissions of 38.8 TgC yr −1 (95% CI=21.6-55.8 TgC yr −1 ). We also find wide geographic variation in both the size and sensitivity of affected C stocks. Grassland conversion was the primary source of emissions, with more than 90% of these emissions originating from SOC stocks. Due to the long accumulation time of SOC, its dominance as a source suggests that emissions may be difficult to mitigate over human-relevant time scales. While methodological limitations regarding the effects of land use legacies and future management remain, our findings emphasize the importance of avoiding LUC emissions and suggest potential means by which natural C stocks can be conserved.

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“…It is characterized by a steep topography and the altitude ranges from 0 m at the coast to 2598 m in elevation in the South Truong Son Mountains in the west, and by the Kon Tum mountain mass in the south . Almost half of the land area is covered by forest (47 %), followed by cropland (26 %) and grassland (20 %) (Avitabile et al, 2016). Paddy rice cultivation and livestock farming are the two main agricultural activities in the basin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying human impacts on hydrological drought using a combined modelling approach in a tropical river basin in central Vietnam

Firoz¹,

Nauditt²,

Fink

et al. 2018

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Hydrological droughts are one of the most damaging disasters in terms of economic loss in central Vietnam and other regions of South-east Asia, severely affecting agricultural production and drinking water supply. Their increasing frequency and severity can be attributed to extended dry spells and increasing water abstractions for e.g. irrigation and hydropower development to meet the demand of dynamic socioeconomic development. Based on hydro-climatic data for the period from 1980 to 2013 and reservoir operation data, the impacts of recent hydropower development and other alterations of the hydrological network on downstream streamflow and drought risk were assessed for a mesoscale basin of steep topography in central Vietnam, the Vu Gia Thu Bon (VGTB) River basin. The Just Another Modelling System (JAMS)/J2000 was calibrated for the VGTB River basin to simulate reservoir inflow and the naturalized discharge time series for the downstream gauging stations. The HEC-ResSim reservoir operation model simulated reservoir outflow from eight major hydropower stations as well as the reconstructed streamflow for the main river branches Vu Gia and Thu Bon. Drought duration, severity, and frequency were analysed for different timescales for the naturalized and reconstructed streamflow by applying the daily varying threshold method.Efficiency statistics for both models show good results. A strong impact of reservoir operation on downstream discharge at the daily, monthly, seasonal, and annual scales was detected for four discharge stations relevant for downstream water allocation. We found a stronger hydrological drought risk for the Vu Gia river supplying water to the city of Da Nang and large irrigation systems especially in the dry season. We conclude that the calibrated model set-up provides a valuable tool to quantify the different origins of drought to support cross-sectorial water management and planning in a suitable way to be transferred to similar river basins.

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Carbon emissions from land cover change in Central Vietnam

Cited by 23 publications

References 39 publications

Spatiotemporal Analysis of Land‐use and Land‐cover Dynamics of Adama District, Ethiopia and Its Implication to Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Spatiotemporal Analysis of Land‐use and Land‐cover Dynamics of Adama District, Ethiopia and Its Implication to Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Carbon emissions from cropland expansion in the United States

Quantifying human impacts on hydrological drought using a combined modelling approach in a tropical river basin in central Vietnam

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