Carbon electrodes fabricated by low-temperature pyrolysis of ethylene on nickel

Saraceno, Reginaldo A.; Engstrom, Charlotte E.; Rose, M.F.; Ewing, Andrew G.

doi:10.1021/ac00181a012

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Maintaining this oven temperature for 15 min thermally decomposed the organometallic compound and resulted in the deposition of a nickel thin film. 24 The use of an inert atmosphere minimized oxide formation.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23 The approach we have developed includes CVD-based synthesis of carbon within the pores of an alumina template membrane with or without a nickel catalyst in the pores. 24,25 The carbon nanofibers are produced at relatively low temperatures. We have found that highly ordered graphitic nanofibers can be obtained when the carbon fibrils are formed and annealed in the presence of a nickel catalyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Vapor Deposition Based Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers Using a Template Method

et al. 1998

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We have developed a new approach for preparing graphitic carbon nanofiber and nanotube ensembles. This approach entails chemical vapor deposition (CVD) based synthesis of carbon within the pores of an alumina template membrane with or without a Ni catalyst. Ethylene or pyrene was used in the CVD process with reactor temperatures of 545 °C for Ni-catalyzed CVD and 900 °C for the uncatalyzed process. The resultant carbon nanostructures were uniform hollow tubes with open ends. Increasing the deposition time converted the carbon nanotubes into carbon nanofibers. Transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction data show the as deposited graphitic carbon nanofibers synthesized with the Ni catalyst were not highly ordered. Heating the carbon-containing membrane at 500 °C for 36 h, however, converts the carbon nanofibers into highly ordered graphite. The electron diffraction data show a spotted diffraction pattern characteristic of single-crystal graphite with the graphitic planes parallel to the long axis of the nanofibers.

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Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Vapor Deposition Based Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers Using a Template Method

et al. 1998

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“…The temperature of pyrolysis is typically between 1000 and 1200 "C. Pyrolysis is ordinarily performed in a tube furnace although a methane/oxygen torch (7) and a Bunsen burner (8) can also be used for quartz substrates. Recently, the low-temperature pyrolysis of ethylene on nickel has been reported (9). Apparently, nickel acts as a catalyst, allowing carbon film formation at temperatures as low as 550 "C. Frequently, pure methane or ethylene has been used as the source gas, although successful pyrolysis has been reported for 10% methane in argon (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of pyrolytic carbon film electrodes by pyrolysis of methane on a machinable glass ceramic

McFadden¹,

Melaragno²,

Davis³

1990

Anal. Chem.

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“…Kim et al20 reported an elegant procedure for constructing carbon ring electrodes with tip diameters approaching 1 «m by pyrolysis of methane inside pulled quartz capillaries. Similarly, Saraceno et al 21 described a methodology involving a low-temperature pyrolysis of ethylene on nickel to fabricate carbon disk electrodes with ~1.8 nm tip diameters. More recently, Strein and Ewing22 reported the construction of electrodes with an overall physical dimension as small as 400 nm by flame-etching carbon fibers to small tip diameters which were then insulated with a phenolallylphenol copolymer.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltammetric studies of carbon disk electrodes with submicrometer-sized structural diameters

Wong¹,

Xu²

1995

Anal. Chem.

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A procedure for the fabrication of carbon disk electrodes with tip diameters approaching 100 nm is described. In this procedure, quartz capillaries are initially pulled down to a small tip by a horizontal micropipet puller. A high gas pressure (900 kPa) is then applied to force methane gas through the pulled capillary while it is being pyrolyzed. A prolonged pyrolysis duration (4 min) is employed to form a carbon deposit at the tip of the capillary in order to construct a carbon disk electrode. Electrical contact is then made between the carbon deposit and a nichrome wire via a small pool of mercury inside the capillary. Hence, unlike die construction procedures for many other microelectrodes, there is no epoxy sealing, cutting, or beveling of electrodes needed in the fabrication procedure for ultrasmall carbon disk electrodes. The fabricated (1)

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Carbon electrodes fabricated by low-temperature pyrolysis of ethylene on nickel

Cited by 14 publications

References 39 publications

Chemical Vapor Deposition Based Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers Using a Template Method

Chemical Vapor Deposition Based Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers Using a Template Method

Fabrication of pyrolytic carbon film electrodes by pyrolysis of methane on a machinable glass ceramic

Voltammetric studies of carbon disk electrodes with submicrometer-sized structural diameters

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