Carbon dynamics in cocoa agroforestry systems in Central Cameroon: afforestation of savannah as a sequestration opportunity

Nijmeijer, Annemarijn; Lauri, Pierre‐Éric; Harmand, Jean‐Michel; Saj, Stéphane

doi:10.1007/s10457-017-0182-6

Cited by 24 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…We defined four cAFS age categories [0-14], [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] and [>50] years to represent the different temporal stages of cAFS while trying to balance the number of plots per category. Yet we noticed a significant soil clay content heterogeneity among the plots sampled (Nijmeijer et al, 2018) which challenged the validity of the chronosequence (Pickett, 1989). To take into account a putative soil texture effect, a preliminary ANCOVA, including age categories, past land-use and soil clay content as a covariate, was run on the whole set of cAFS.…”

Section: Chronosequence Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The forest patches are degraded compared to other secondary forests that can be found in the region (Saj et al, 2017a). Plot size was of 40 m x 60 m (2400 m²), each containing a subplot of 20 m x 40 m (800 m 2 ; see below and Nijmeijer et al, 2018).…”

Section: Site Characteristics and Sampled Plotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those with a DBH between 5 and 30 cm were surveyed in 800 m 2 subplots within the 2400 m² area already selected. Height, DBH and species were recorded as described in Nijmeijer et al (2018). When the DBH couldn't be measured, we followed the recommendations from Weyerhaeuser and Tennigkeit (2000) to indirectly estimate it.…”

Section: Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, full-grown S-cAFS and F-cAFS seem to exhibit comparable multi-strata structure, cocoa yields and C storage abilities despite differing previous land-use and a fortiori differing legacies (Jagoret et al, 2012;Saj et al, 2013;Nijmeijer et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Long-term dynamics of cocoa agroforestry systems established on lands previously occupied by savannah or forests

Nijmeijer

Lauri

Harmand

et al. 2019

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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Cocoa agroforestry systems (cAFS) in Central Cameroon are established on lands which were either forest or savannah. The functioning and ecosystem services (ES) delivery of an agroecosystem can be influenced by past land-use. We hypothesised that savannah-derived cocoa agroforestry systems (S-cAFS) and forest-derived cocoa agroforestry systems (F-cAFS) would (i) progressively drift away from past land-use, and (ii) eventually converge and support comparable levels of ecosystem services. We selected 25 ecosystem attributes directly related to at least one of the following six ecosystem (dis)services (ES): species conservation, carbon storage, crop production, nutrient cycling, soil quality and soil pollution. We followed their temporal evolution in Sand F-cAFS along >70-year chronosequences. Our results showed that the attributes and services studied followed typical temporal trajectories in Sand F-cAFS while generally tending to reach comparable levels on the long run. However, the time needed to do so varied strongly and ranged from 20-30 years for perennial species diversity to more than 70 years for C storage or some components of soil quality. The results also demonstrated that S-cAFS could sustainably improve many of the studied attributes and ES. Regarding the attributes related to the cocoa stand, both Sand F-cAFS seemed influenced by their previous land-use up until 15 and 30 years, respectively, after their establishment. With respect to soil quality, nutrient cycling and carbon storage, only S-cAFS could be significantly distinguished from their past land-use, after 15 to 30 years.

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Section: Chronosequence Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Site Characteristics and Sampled Plotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Long-term dynamics of cocoa agroforestry systems established on lands previously occupied by savannah or forests

Nijmeijer

Lauri

Harmand

et al. 2019

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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“…Forest degradation is a significant source of emissions, as suggested by both qualitative national analyses [25,31] and global studies [25,82,83], the latter placing forest degradation in the range of 25% of total land-based emissions. The main drivers of forest degradation are-listed in decreasing order of available documentation-industrial logging aimed at the international timber market [57,84,85], cocoa encroaching into forests [86][87][88], informal logging for the domestic and regional timber market [89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96], and fuel wood collection [97,98]. None of these drivers of degradation is considered in this study because they are not assessed by activity data mapping and only the industrial logging and cocoa is tracked by national export statistics.…”

Section: Uncertainties and Limitations Of Approach And Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining a Carbon Reference Level for a High-Forest-Low-Deforestation Country

Pirker

Mosnier

Nana³

et al. 2019

Forests

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Research Highlights: A transparent approach to developing a forest reference emissions level (FREL) adjusted to future local developments in Southern Cameroon is demonstrated. Background and Objectives: Countries with low historical deforestation can adjust their forest reference (emission) level (FREL/FRL) upwards for REDD+ to account for likely future developments. Many countries, however, find it difficult to establish a credible adjusted reference level. This article demonstrates the establishment of a FREL for southern Cameroon adjusted to societal megatrends of strong population—and economic growth combined with rapid urbanization. It demonstrates what can be done with available information and data, but most importantly outlines pathways to further improve the quality of future FREL/FRL’s in light of possibly accessing performance-based payments. Materials and Methods: The virtual FREL encompasses three main elements: Remotely sensed activity data; emission factors derived from the national forest inventory; and the adjustment of the reference level using a land use model of the agriculture sector. Sensitivity analysis is performed on all three elements using Monte Carlo methods. Results: Deforestation during the virtual reference period 2000–2015 is dominated by non-industrial agriculture (comprising both smallholders and local elites) and increases over time. The land use model projections are consistent with this trend, resulting in emissions that are on average 47% higher during the virtual performance period 2020–2030 than during the reference period 2000–2015. Monte Carlo analysis points to the adjustment term as the main driver of uncertainty in the FREL calculation. Conclusions: The available data is suitable for constructing a FREL for periodic reporting to the UNFCCC. Enhanced coherence of input data notably for activity data and adjustment is needed to apply for a performance-based payment scheme. Expanding the accounting framework to include forest degradation and forest gain are further priorities requiring future research.

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Nature-Based Solutions for Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation in Cameroon: Realities and Perspectives

Awazi,

Avana-Tientcheu,

Alemagi

et al. 2024

Handbook of Nature-Based Solutions to Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change

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Carbon dynamics in cocoa agroforestry systems in Central Cameroon: afforestation of savannah as a sequestration opportunity

Cited by 24 publications

References 50 publications

Long-term dynamics of cocoa agroforestry systems established on lands previously occupied by savannah or forests

Long-term dynamics of cocoa agroforestry systems established on lands previously occupied by savannah or forests

Determining a Carbon Reference Level for a High-Forest-Low-Deforestation Country

Nature-Based Solutions for Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation in Cameroon: Realities and Perspectives

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