Carbon Dots with Dual‐Emissive, Robust, and Aggregation‐Induced Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence Characteristics

Jiang, Kai; Gao, Xin; Feng, Xiangyu; Wang, Yuhui; Li, Zhongjun; Lin, Hengwei

doi:10.1002/ange.201911342

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(138 reference statements)

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“…Carbon dots (CDs) are a class of emerging fluorescent materials that exhibit high photostability, excellent photoelectric/optical properties and low toxicity [1][2][3][4][5][6] . They have been widely used to fabricate biomedical appliances 7,8 , optoelectronic devices 9,10 , and sensors 11 and have also been used in the fields of energy conversion 12 , anti-counterfeiting technology [13][14][15] , and catalysis [16][17][18] . CDs are spheroidal carbon nanoparticles horizontally smaller than 10 nm and even shorter vertically 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precursor-dependent structural diversity in luminescent carbonized polymer dots (CPDs): the nomenclature

et al. 2021

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Carbon dots (CDs) have received immense attention in the last decade because they are easy-to-prepare, nontoxic, and tailorable carbon-based fluorescent nanomaterials. CDs can be categorized into three subgroups based on their morphology and chemical structure: graphene quantum dots (GQDs), carbon quantum dots (CQDs), and carbonized polymer dots (CPDs). The detailed structures of the materials can vary significantly, even within the same category. This property is particularly predominant in chemically synthesized CPDs, as their formation proceeds via the polymerization–carbonization of molecules or polymer precursors. Abundant precursors endow CPDs with versatile structures and properties. A wide variety of carbon nanomaterials can be grouped under the category of CPDs because of their observed diversity. It is important to understand the precursor-dependent structural diversity observed in CPDs. Appropriate nomenclature for all classes and types of CPDs is proposed for the better utilization of these emerging materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precursor-dependent structural diversity in luminescent carbonized polymer dots (CPDs): the nomenclature

et al. 2021

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“…The long decay lifetimes were indicative of the relevant triplet emission process. [ 29 ] The RTP decay spectra of the N‐CDs at different temperature were also determined (Figure S4, Supporting Information). The phosphorescence lifetimes at these temperatures, calculated from the corresponding decay spectra, were 133.6 ms (77 K), 59.1 (298 K), and 15.1 ms (500 K) demonstrating that the lifetime of the RTP N‐CDs reduced with increasing temperature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Synthesis of Matrix‐Free Room‐Temperature Phosphorescent Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Dots and Their Application as Security Inks

Liu

Chen

et al. 2021

Macro Materials & Eng

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Room‐temperature phosphorescent (RTP) nitrogen‐doped carbon dots (N‐CDs) have attracted great interest but their efficiency is usually dependent on a solid matrix. Developing efficient matrix‐free RTP CDs is still a great challenge. Here, a simple strategy is reported to synthesize efficient matrix free RTP N‐CDs from citric acid (CA) and basic fuchsine (BF) via a single step hydrothermal process. The synthesized N‐CDs show strong fluorescence in aqueous solution and the solid state, and the RTP lifetime is long‐lived (51.9 ms at 298 K). The phosphorescence of the N‐CDs is attributed to the formation of an internal hydrogen bonded network by the organic polymers on the surface of the N‐CDs. This reduces the nonradiative transitions of the triplet excitons and mitigates oxygen quenching. The application of N‐CDs as security inks is demonstrated.

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“…Carbon dots (CDs) are emerging as a new class of phosphorescence nanomaterials, 11–17 which have attracted significant attention because of their attractive properties, such as simple synthetic routes, low cost, and high photostability. Recently, a principle on manipulating intersystem crossing (ISC) by incorporating heteroatoms into CDs (e.g., N, P, B, and halogens) was proposed to achieve effective RTP 18–23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra‐strong phosphorescence with 48% quantum yield from grinding treated thermal annealed carbon dots and boric acid composite

Zhao

Meng

et al. 2021

SmartMat

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Metal-free room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials are of great significance for many applications; however, they usually exhibit low efficiency and weak intensity. This article reports a new strategy for the preparation of a high-efficiency and strong RTP materials from crystalline thermal-annealed carbon dots (CDs) and boric acid (BA) composite (g-t-CD@BA) through grinding-induced amorphous to crystallization transition. Amorphous thermal-annealed CDs and BA composite (t-CD@BA) is prepared following a thermal melting and super-cooling route, where the CDs are fully dispersed in molten BA liquid and uniformly frozen in an amorphous thermal annealed BA matrix after super-cooling to room temperature. Upon grinding treatment, the fracture and fragmentation caused by grinding promote the transformation of the high-energy amorphous state to the lower energy crystalline counterparts. As a result, the CDs are uniformly in situ embedded in the BA crystal matrix. This method affords maximum uniform embedding of the CDs in the BA crystals, decreases nonradiative decay, and promotes intersystem crossing by restraining the free vibration of the CDs, thus producing strong RTP materials with the highest reported phosphorescence quantum yield (48%). Remarkably, RTP from g-t-CD@BA powder is strong enough to illuminate items with a delay time exceeding 9 s.

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Carbon Dots with Dual‐Emissive, Robust, and Aggregation‐Induced Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence Characteristics

Cited by 29 publications

References 80 publications

Precursor-dependent structural diversity in luminescent carbonized polymer dots (CPDs): the nomenclature

Precursor-dependent structural diversity in luminescent carbonized polymer dots (CPDs): the nomenclature

Facile Synthesis of Matrix‐Free Room‐Temperature Phosphorescent Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Dots and Their Application as Security Inks

Ultra‐strong phosphorescence with 48% quantum yield from grinding treated thermal annealed carbon dots and boric acid composite

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