Carbon dots as inhibitors of virus by activation of type I interferon response

Du, Ting; Liang, Jiangong; Dong, Nan; Liu, Lin; Fang, Liurong; Xiao, Shaobo; Han, Heyou

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2016.09.032

Cited by 123 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…In recent years, due to their unique properties and biocompatibility, especially non‐toxic metabolism, carbon nanomaterials including CDs,9,10,14,77 nanographene sheets,43,78 graphene quantum dots,13 have been extensively investigated and proved to have outstanding antiviral effects. They are prepared by polyglycerol, 4‐aminophenylboronic acid hydrochloride, benzoxazine, PEG‐diamine, 3‐ethoxypropylamine, curcumin, and other raw materials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, Gly‐CDs appear to exhibit stronger antiviral activity against RNA viruses (PRRSV and PEDV in this study) than DNA viruses (PRV in this study). Previous studies demonstrated that CDs can induce the production of IFN and IFN‐stimulating genes 10. However, viruses vary in their susceptibility to interferon, implying the Gly‐CDs may also vary in antiviral activity against different viruses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glycyrrhizic‐Acid‐Based Carbon Dots with High Antiviral Activity by Multisite Inhibition Mechanisms

Tong

Zhou

et al. 2020

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With the gradual usage of carbon dots (CDs) in the area of antiviral research, attempts have been stepped up to develop new antiviral CDs with high biocompatibility and antiviral effects. In this study, a kind of highly biocompatible CDs (Gly‐CDs) is synthesized from active ingredient (glycyrrhizic acid) of Chinese herbal medicine by a hydrothermal method. Using the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) as a model, it is found that the Gly‐CDs inhibit PRRSV proliferation by up to 5 orders of viral titers. Detailed investigations reveal that Gly‐CDs can inhibit PRRSV invasion and replication, stimulate antiviral innate immune responses, and inhibit the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by PRRSV infection. Proteomics analysis demonstrates that Gly‐CDs can stimulate cells to regulate the expression of some host restriction factors, including DDX53 and NOS3, which are directly related to PRRSV proliferation. Moreover, it is found that Gly‐CDs also remarkably suppress the propagation of other viruses, such as pseudorabies virus (PRV) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), suggesting the broad antiviral activity of Gly‐CDs. The integrated results demonstrate that Gly‐CDs possess extraordinary antiviral activity with multisite inhibition mechanisms, providing a promising candidate for alternative therapy for PRRSV infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycyrrhizic‐Acid‐Based Carbon Dots with High Antiviral Activity by Multisite Inhibition Mechanisms

Tong

Zhou

et al. 2020

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“…In this experiment, a different range of concentrations (50 and 250 × 10 −6 m for His‐Au NCs and MES‐Au NCs) was used as reported in previous literature . The toxicity of His‐Au NCs and MES‐Au NCs on Porcine kidney (PK‐15) cells was evaluated by 3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay as described previously . In Figure a, His‐Au NCs showed little or no effect on the activity of PK‐15 cells in the concentration range of 25–150 × 10 −6 m and the viability of the cells was more than 95% at 50 × 10 −6 m , which was therefore utilized to explore the effect of His‐Au NCs on virus proliferation in the subsequent experiments.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cytotoxicity Assay : In order to assess the cytotoxicity of His‐Au NCs and MES‐Au NCs on PK‐15 cells, MTT assay was performed as described previously . Initially, PK‐15 cells at 90% confluence were treated with the mixture solution (100 µL) of different concentrations of His‐Au NCs (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 × 10 −6 m ) or MES‐Au NCs (0, 62.5, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 × 10 −6 m ) and DMEM containing 2% FBS at a 96‐well plate for 24 h at 37 °C in a humidified 5% CO 2 atmosphere.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Different Effects of His‐Au NCs and MES‐Au NCs on the Propagation of Pseudorabies Virus

et al. 2018

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In a previous work, gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) are found to inactivate RNA virus, but the effect of surface modification of Au NCs on its proliferation is still largely unknown. Here, the effect of surface modification of Au NCs on the proliferation of pseudorabies virus (PRV) by synthesizing two types of gold clusters with different surface modification, histidine stabilized Au NCs (His‐Au NCs) and mercaptoethane sulfonate and histidine stabilized Au NCs (MES‐Au NCs), is investigated. His‐Au NCs rather than MES‐Au NCs could strongly inhibit the proliferation of PRV, as indicated by the results of plaque assay, confocal microscopic analysis, Western blot assay, and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Further study reveals that His‐Au NCs perform the function via blockage of the viral replication process rather than the processes of attachment, penetration, or release. Additionally, His‐Au NCs are found to be mainly localized to nucleus, while MES‐Au NCs are strictly distributed in cytoplasm, which may explain why His‐Au NCs can suppress the proliferation of PRV, but not MES‐Au NCs. These results demonstrate that surface modification plays a key role in the antiviral effects of Au NCs and a potential antiviral agent can be developed by changing the Au NC surface modification.

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Carbon Dots as Theranostic Agents

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Carbon dots as inhibitors of virus by activation of type I interferon response

Cited by 123 publications

References 66 publications

Glycyrrhizic‐Acid‐Based Carbon Dots with High Antiviral Activity by Multisite Inhibition Mechanisms

Glycyrrhizic‐Acid‐Based Carbon Dots with High Antiviral Activity by Multisite Inhibition Mechanisms

Different Effects of His‐Au NCs and MES‐Au NCs on the Propagation of Pseudorabies Virus

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