Carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane dynamics in boreal organic agricultural soils with different soil characteristics

Maljanen, Marja; Komulainen, Veli‐Matti; Hytönen, Jyrki; Martikainen, Pertti J.; Laine, Jukka

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.05.003

Cited by 135 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In general, the results of CH 4 emission reduction followed by methane consumption fully agree with those of other studies that evaluated the effect of lowering the water-table level by draining in flooded soils in several parts of the world Nykanen et al, 1995;Maljanen et al, 2004;von Arnold et al, 2005;Furukawa et al, 2005;Bridgham et al, 2006;Elder & Lal, 2008;Jauhiainen et al, 2008;Jiang et al, 2009;Huang et al, 2010;Page & Dalal, 2011). All these authors showed that small water-table decreases cause drastic reductions in methane emissions, demonstrating the strong effect of drainage on CH 4 fluxes.…”

Section: In Drained Histosolssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Huang et al (2010) estimated that soils of wetlands converted to cropland between 1950 and 2000 lost about 50 % C. Other authors also reported an increase in CO 2 emissions from Histosols (Lohila et al, 2003;Maljanen et al, 2002Maljanen et al, , 2004von Arnold et al, 2005;Furukawa et al, 2005;Yamulki et al, 2012), and Joosten & Couwenberg (2008) In view of the functions Histosols fulfill in the ecosystem, they should be preserved and not drained. Strategies for mitigating CH 4 emissions should be concentrated on the modification of human activities and on no account on interventions in the areas of occurrence of Histosols.…”

Section: Effects Of Drainage On the Ecological Functions Of Histosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methane fluxes from waterlogged and drained Histosols of highland areas

Rachwal

Zanatta

Dieckow

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYSoil can be either source or sink of methane (CH 4 ), depending on the balance between methanogenesis and methanotrophy, which are determined by pedological, climatic and management factors. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of drainage of a highland Haplic Histosol on CH 4 fluxes. Field research was carried out in Ponta Grossa (Paraná, Brazil) based on the measurement of CH 4 fluxes by the static chamber method in natural and drained Histosol, over one year (17 sampling events). The natural Histosol showed net CH 4 eflux, with rates varying from 238 µg m -2 h -1 CH 4 , in cool/cold periods, to 2,850 µg m -2 h -1 CH 4 , in warm/hot periods, resulting a cumulative emission of 116 kg ha -1 yr -1 CH 4 . In the opposite, the drained Histosol showed net influx of CH 4 (-39 to -146 µg m -2 h -1 ), which resulted in a net consumption of 9 kg ha -1 yr -1 CH 4 . The main driving factors of CH 4 consumption in the drained soil were the lowering of the water-table (on average -57 cm, vs -7 cm in natural soil) and the lower water content in the 0-10 cm layer (average of 5.5 kg kg -1 , vs 9.9 kg kg -1 in natural soil). Although waterlogged Histosols of highland areas are regarded as CH 4 sources, they fulfill fundamental functions in the ecosystem, such as the accumulation of organic carbon (581 Mg ha -1 C to a depth of 1 m) and water (8.6 million L ha -1 = 860 mm to a depth of 1 m). For this reason, these soils must not be drained as an alternative to mitigate CH 4 emission, but effectively preserved.Index terms: greenhouse gas, water sources, water-table, gravimetric moisture, air temperature, rainfall.(1) Part of the thesis submitted by the first author to obtain a doctorate in Forestry Science, sub-area Nature Conservation. RESUMO: FLUXOS DE METANO EM ORGANOSSOLO NATURAL E APÓS DRENAGEMO solo pode atuar como fonte ou sumidouro de metano (CH 4 ), dependendo do balanço entre metanogênese e metanotrofia, definido por fatores pedológicos, climáticos e de manejo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as implicações da drenagem do Organossolo Háplico hêmico, típico em campo hidrófilo de altitude sobre os fluxos de CH 4 . A pesquisa de campo foi conduzida no município de Ponta Grossa, PR, e envolveu avaliações de fluxos de CH 4 pelo método da câmara estática em Organossolo natural e Organossolo drenado, por um período de um ano (17 coletas). No Organossolo natural, ocorreu efluxo líquido de CH 4 , com taxas variando entre 238 µg m -2 h -1 de CH 4 , em épocas mais frias, e 2.850 µg m -2 h -1 de CH 4 , em épocas mais quentes, totalizando emissão acumulada de 116 kg ha -1 ano -1 de CH 4 . Na área drenada, ocorreu influxo líquido (-39 a -146 µg m -2 h -1 de CH 4 ), que totalizou em consumo de 9 kg ha -1 ano -1 de CH 4 . O rebaixamento do nível freático (em média -57 cm, contra -7 cm no solo natural) e a menor umidade gravimétrica na camada de 0-10 cm (média de 5,5 kg kg -1 , contra 9,9 kg kg -1 do solo natural) foram os principais fatores determinantes do consumo de CH 4, na área drenada. Apesar de os Organ...

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Section: In Drained Histosolssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Effects Of Drainage On the Ecological Functions Of Histosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methane fluxes from waterlogged and drained Histosols of highland areas

Rachwal

Zanatta

Dieckow

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…Previous studies have reported that winter emissions significantly contributed to annual N 2 O emissions (Maljanen et al, 2004;Regina et al, 2004). Such emissions in winter have been related to the physical release of N 2 O that is produced and trapped under frozen surface layers as well as the emissions of newly produced N 2 O (de novo emissions) at the onset of thaw stimulated by increased biological activity and changes in physical and chemical soil conditions (Risk et al, 2013).…”

Section: N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of reed canary grass cultivation on greenhouse gas emission from peat soil at controlled rewetting

2015

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Abstract. Cultivation of bioenergy crops in rewetted peatland (paludiculture) is considered as a possible land use option to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, bioenergy crops like reed canary grass (RCG) can have a complex influence on GHG fluxes. Here we determined the effect of RCG cultivation on GHG emission from peatland rewetted to various extents. Mesocosms were manipulated to three different ground water levels (GWLs), i.e. 0, −10 and −20 cm below the soil surface in a controlled semi-field facility. Emissions of CO 2 (ecosystem respiration, ER), CH 4 and N 2 O from mesocosms with RCG and bare soil were measured at weekly to fortnightly intervals with static chamber techniques for a period of 1 year. Cultivation of RCG increased both ER and CH 4 emissions, but decreased the N 2 O emissions. The presence of RCG gave rise to 69, 75 and 85 % of total ER at −20, −10 and 0 cm GWL, respectively. However, this difference was due to decreased soil respiration at the rising GWL as the plant-derived CO 2 flux was similar at all three GWLs. For methane, 70-95 % of the total emission was due to presence of RCG, with the highest contribution at −20 cm GWL. In contrast, cultivation of RCG decreased N 2 O emission by 33-86 % with the major reductions at −10 and −20 cm GWL. In terms of global warming potential, the increase in CH 4 emissions due to RCG cultivation was more than offset by the decrease in N 2 O emissions at −10 and −20 cm GWL; at 0 cm GWL the CH 4 emissions was offset only by 23 %. CO 2 emissions from ER were obviously the dominant RCG-derived GHG flux, but aboveground biomass yields, and preliminary measurements of gross photosynthetic production, showed that ER could be more than balanced due to the photosynthetic uptake of CO 2 by RCG. Our results support that RCG cultivation could be a good land use option in terms of mitigating GHG emission from rewetted peatlands, potentially turning these ecosystems into a sink of atmospheric CO 2 .

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“…Also investigations from other European countries showed that much higher N 2 O emissions can be released from grasslands on drained peatlands. For example, Velthof et al (1996) and van Beek et al (2010van Beek et al ( , 2011 reported N 2 O emissions ranging from 4.2 to 41.0 kg N ha −1 yr −1 for the Netherlands, whereas at boreal regions N 2 O emissions of up to 9 kg N ha −1 yr −1 were measured (Nykänen et al, 1995;Maljanen et al, 2004;Regina et al, 2004). The observed N 2 O emissions were also in the range of those reported from grasslands on mineral soils in Germany, summarized by Jungkunst et al (2006).…”

Section: Fertilizer-and Site-induced N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term effects of biogas digestate and cattle slurry application on greenhouse gas emissions affected by N availability from grasslands on drained fen peatlands and associated organic soils

Eickenscheidt

Freibauer²,

Heinichen

et al. 2014

Biogeosciences

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Abstract.A change in German energy policy has resulted in a strong increase in the number of biogas plants in Germany. As a consequence, huge amounts of nutrient-rich residues, the by-products of the fermentative process, are used as organic fertilizers. Drained peatlands are increasingly used to satisfy the huge demand for fermentative substrates (e.g., energy crops, grass silage) and the digestate is returned to the peatlands. However, drained organic soils are considered as hot spots for nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions and organic fertilization is additionally known to increase N 2 O emissions from managed grasslands. Our study addressed the questions (a) to what extent biogas digestate and cattle slurry application increase N 2 O and methane (CH 4 ) fluxes as well as the mineral nitrogen use efficiency (NUE min ) and grass yield, and (b) how different soil organic matter contents (SOMs) and nitrogen contents promote the production of N 2 O. In addition NH 3 volatilization was determined at one application event to obtain first clues with respect to the effects of soil and fertilizer types. The study was conducted at two sites within a grassland parcel, which differed in their soil organic carbon (SOC) and N contents. At each site (named C orgmedium and C org -high) three plots were established: one was fertilized five times with biogas digestate, one with cattle slurry, and the third served as control plot. On each plot, fluxes of N 2 O and CH 4 were measured on three replicates over 2 years using the closed chamber method. For NH 3 measurements we used the calibrated dynamic chamber method. On an annual basis, the application of biogas digestate significantly enhanced the N 2 O fluxes compared to the application of cattle slurry and additionally increased the plant N-uptake and NUE min . Furthermore, N 2 O fluxes from the C org -high treatments significantly exceeded N 2 O fluxes from the C org -medium treatments. Annual cumulative emissions ranged from 0.91 ± 0.49 to 3.14 ± 0.91 kg N ha −1 yr −1 . Significantly different CH 4 fluxes between the investigated treatments or the different soil types were not observed. Cumulative annual CH 4 exchange rates varied between −0.21±0.19 and −1.06 ± 0.46 kg C ha −1 yr −1 . Significantly higher NH 3 losses, NUE min and grass yields from treatments fertilized with biogas digestate compared to those fertilized with cattle slurry were observed. The total NH 3 losses following the splash plate application were 18.17 kg N ha −1 for the digestate treatments and 3.48 kg N ha −1 for the slurry treatments (36 and 15 % of applied NH

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Carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane dynamics in boreal organic agricultural soils with different soil characteristics

Cited by 135 publications

References 24 publications

Methane fluxes from waterlogged and drained Histosols of highland areas

Methane fluxes from waterlogged and drained Histosols of highland areas

Effect of reed canary grass cultivation on greenhouse gas emission from peat soil at controlled rewetting

Short-term effects of biogas digestate and cattle slurry application on greenhouse gas emissions affected by N availability from grasslands on drained fen peatlands and associated organic soils

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