Carbon dioxide evolution and carbonyl group development during photodegradation of polyethylene and polypropylene

Fernando, Sudesh S.; Christensen, Paul; Egerton, Terry A.; White, J. R.

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2007.01.032

Cited by 88 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In addition to the disappearance of a peak around 1740 cm À1 there is appearance due to irradiation, in the intensity of the band at 2360 cm À1 . The appearance of such peak might be attributed to the formation of carbon dioxide [26,27]. This suggests that, in polyethylene polymer, carbon dioxide is formed from carbonyl groups [26,27].…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometermentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The appearance of such peak might be attributed to the formation of carbon dioxide [26,27]. This suggests that, in polyethylene polymer, carbon dioxide is formed from carbonyl groups [26,27]. Hence, carbon dioxide generation leads to the conclusion that the oxidation of a UHMWPE sample increases with increasing the irradiation dose.…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Surface free energy of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene modified by electron and gamma irradiation

Abdul-Kader

Turos

Radwan

et al. 2009

Applied Surface Science

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Section: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometermentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometermentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface free energy of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene modified by electron and gamma irradiation

Abdul-Kader

Turos

Radwan

et al. 2009

Applied Surface Science

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“…Unfortunately, the heterogeneous nature of photodegradation complicates the determination of the applicable rate constants in the weathering of bulk polymer samples [73][74][75]. The progression of polymer degradation can be followed various chemical, physical and mechanical methods [24,71] including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TG) [20], gel permeation chromatography (GPC) [76,77], X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS), chemiluminescence (CL) [78], Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) [26,79], oxygen uptake [80], CO 2 evolution studies [81,82] and mechanical testing [24,26,83]. FTIR is widely used to follow the time evolution of changes in the functional groups present [79].…”

Section: Polymer Photodegradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mn2Al-LDH- and Co2Al-LDH-stearate as photodegradants for LDPE film

Magagula

Nhlapo

Focke

2009

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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The layered double hydroxides (LDH) Mn 2 Al-LDH-stearate and Co 2 Al-LDH-stearate were prepared by a surfactant-assisted intercalation of the corresponding precursor LDH-CO 3 forms.These compounds were evaluated as potential photodegradant additives in low density polyethylene films with a thickness of ca. 40 mm. They were incorporated into blown polyethylene films via a 10% masterbatch. The films were subjected to accelerated ageing in a QUV weatherometer. The machine was fitted with A320 lamps and operated on a dry cycle at 63 C and an irradiance of 0.67 W/m 2 . It was found that 100 h of QUV exposure was sufficient to cause mechanical embrittlement of films containing as little as 0.1% of either active.

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“…According to the mechanism proposed in Scheme 1, aldehydes and vinyls can be produced either by chain scission in the close vicinity of a macro-alkoxy (a) or by a  scission of a ketone via the NII process. The ketone itself comes from a cage reaction between the macro-alkoxy and a hydroxyl radical [18], [24][25][26], [30]. This ketone can be transformed into a keto radical and a macroradical via the N I process which is known to be possible when solar energy or temperature are relatively high.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sun radiation and temperature impact at different periods of the year on the photooxidation of polyethylene films

Abdelhafidi¹,

Chabira²,

Yagoubi³

et al. 2017

IJHT

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Analysis of the IR spectra of weathered films exposed at different periods of the year reveals that, the main regions of the IR spectrum affected by solar irradiation and temperature variation are the complex carbonyls and unsaturations composite absorption bands. Their respective kinetics vary in different manner according to the period at which the exposure is started. Curve fitting has been performed to refine the analysis of the IR spectra and to identify all the chemical species constituting the complex absorption bands. The analysis of the results let appears that whatever the exposure period of the year is, it does not affect the type of developing products, but it has strong effect on their kinetic rate of formation. The warm season is the more effective in terms of carbonyl formation and crystallinity index. This indicates that the Norrish type I (NI) process is very important in this season and it adds to the Norrish type II (NII) process. Both contribute to the carbonyl and vinyl groups formation via chain scission reactions; however the NII process is active during all the period of the year.

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Carbon dioxide evolution and carbonyl group development during photodegradation of polyethylene and polypropylene

Cited by 88 publications

References 20 publications

Surface free energy of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene modified by electron and gamma irradiation

Surface free energy of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene modified by electron and gamma irradiation

Mn2Al-LDH- and Co2Al-LDH-stearate as photodegradants for LDPE film

Sun radiation and temperature impact at different periods of the year on the photooxidation of polyethylene films

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