Carbon dioxide distribution, origins, and transport along a frontal boundary during summer in mid-latitudes

Abstract

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Joint CO2 Mole Fraction and Flux Analysis Confirms Missing Processes in CASA Terrestrial Carbon Uptake Over North America

“…The 8/4/2016 frontal case shows a narrow, elevated [CO 2 ] band at the frontal boundary (∼25 ppm difference in [CO 2 ] across the front). We examined this frontal case with a 3 × 3‐km (cloud‐resolving) resolution model and showed that this elevated [CO 2 ] band has a maximum width of ∼200 km and a length of over 800 km extending from northeastern Kansas to northeastern Iowa (Samaddar et al., 2021). Figure 2 shows that the frontal boundaries are associated not only with elevated [CO 2 ] but also with highly variable [CO 2 bio].…”

Airborne Lidar Measurements of XCO2 in Synoptically Active Environment and Associated Comparisons With Numerical Simulations

“…Recently, Samaddar et al. (2021) attributed the elevated CO 2 mole fractions along the frontal boundary to continental biogenic CO 2 fluxes. Samaddar et al.…”

Atmospheric Carbon and Transport – America (ACT‐America) Data Sets: Description, Management, and Delivery

“…An elevated CO 2 band (416 ppm) was found at the frontal boundary, similar to results from the summer‐2016 campaign (Figure 3a ). This phenomenon appears closely tied to biological CO 2 fluxes (Samaddar et al., 2021 ), perhaps particularly respiratory fluxes (Hu et al., 2021 ). CO and CH 4 mole fractions were higher in the cold sector than in the warm sector (Figures 3d and 3e ), likely indicative of large CH 4 emissions from animal agriculture in the upper Midwest and perhaps larger upwind anthropogenic CO sources in the upper Midwest (analyses in preparation).…”

“…The ACT‐America team is analyzing how GHG distributions change vertically and horizontally across frontal boundaries (e.g., Pal et al., 2020a ), and is comparing these observations to numerical simulations (Gerken et al., 2021 ; Samaddar et al., 2021 ). The 20 June 2019 RF described in Section 1.1 is an excellent illustration of the information available in one such flight.…”

“…( 2020 ), for example, evaluated the skill of 10 global CO 2 inversion models from the OCO‐2 MIP using 148 airborne vertical profiles of CO 2 for frontal cases from the ACT‐America Summer 2016 campaign. High‐resolution models (Hu et al., 2021 ; Samaddar et al., 2021 ) of the elevated CO 2 band observed along the frontal boundary shown in Pal et al. ( 2020a ) have been evaluated using the ACT‐America airborne data, as has a newly developed global CO 2 transport model (Zheng et al., 2020 ).…”