Carbon decomposition kinetics and nitrogen mineralization from corn, soybean, and wheat residues

Salvator, Kaboneka; Sabbe, W. E.; Mauromoustakos, Andy

doi:10.1080/00103629709369880

Cited by 50 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, k for RCC-N with RCC-FC was lower than that for RCC-N with RCC-FS, indicating that N recycling was slower with RCC-FC than RCC-FS. Overall, estimated k values were similar to those reported by Kaboneka et al (1997), who conducted an incubation study evaluating corn, soybean, and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) biomass degradation over 30 d. They reported that decomposition ranged from 39% for wheat to 67% for soybean.…”

Section: Rye Cover Crop Biomass Degradation and Nitrogen Recyclingsupporting

confidence: 72%

Winter Rye Cover Crop Biomass Production, Degradation, and Nitrogen Recycling

et al. 2016

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Winter rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop (RCC) use in corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max. (L.) Merr.] production can alter N dynamics compared to no RCC. The objectives of this study were to evaluate RCC biomass production (BP) and subsequent RCC degradation (BD) and N recycling in a no‐till corn–soybean (CS) rotation. Aboveground RCC was sampled at spring termination for biomass dry matter (DM), C, and N. To evaluate BD and remaining C and N, RCC biomass was put into nylon mesh bags, placed on the soil surface, and collected multiple times over 105 d. Treatments included rye cover crop following soybean (RCC‐FS) and corn (RCC‐FC), and prior‐year N applied to corn. Overall, the RCC BP and N was low due to low soil profile NO3–N. Across sites and years, the greatest BP was with RCC‐FC that received 225 kg N ha−1 (1280 kg DM ha−1), with similar N uptake as with RCC‐FS (27 kg N ha−1). The RCC biomass and N remaining decreased over time following an exponential decay. An average 62% biomass with RCC‐FS and RCC‐FC degraded after 105 d; however, N recycled was greater with RCC‐FS than RCC‐FC [22 (80%) vs. 14 (64%) kg N ha−1, respectively], and was influenced by the RCC C/N ratio. The RCC did not recycle an agronomically meaningful amount of N, which limited N that could potentially be supplied to corn. Rye cover crops can conserve soil N, and with improved management and growth, recycling of crop‐available N should increase.

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Section: Rye Cover Crop Biomass Degradation and Nitrogen Recyclingsupporting

confidence: 72%

Winter Rye Cover Crop Biomass Production, Degradation, and Nitrogen Recycling

et al. 2016

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“…Th e larger C/N ratio of corn residues and the greater quantity of biomass remaining aft er corn harvest compared with soybean production explains observations of reduced net soil N mineralization in CC systems (Kaboneka et al, 1997;Gentry et al, 2001). Additionally, increased residue-induced N immobilization (Varvel and Peterson 1990;Kaboneka et al, 1997) and diff erences in the timing of immobilization (Green and Blackmer, 1995) may also explain diff erences in N fertilizer requirements between CC and SC systems. Because of the unpredictable nature of organic N mineralization, growers oft en apply an additional 45 kg N ha -1 or more to assure suffi cient crop N availability in CC systems (Blackmer et al, 1997;Ding et al, 1998).…”

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confidence: 95%

Identifying Factors Controlling the Continuous Corn Yield Penalty

2013

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It is widely accepted that yields decline when corn (Zea mays L.) is grown continuously vs. in rotation with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], although causes for the yield reduction are unclear. The primary objective of this study was to elucidate the source(s) of the continuous corn yield penalty (CCYP). The experiment was conducted from 2005 to 2010 in east‐central Illinois beginning with third‐year continuous corn (CC) or a soybean–corn (SC) rotation at six N fertilizer rates. Averaged across all years, yield at the agronomic optimum N rate for CC was 8.84 Mg ha−1 and for SC was 10.20 Mg ha−1, resulting in a CCYP of 1.36 Mg ha−1; values ranged yearly from 0.47 to 2.23 Mg ha−1. Using a regression model, three significant and independent predictors explained >99% of the variability in the CCYP: unfertilized CC yield (0NCCYD), years in CC (CCYRS), and the difference between CC and SC delta yields (maximum yield – unfertilized yield) (DELTADIFF). The strongest predictor, 0NCCYD, reflects net soil N mineralization and demonstrates that it decreases in CC systems. The CCYRS was strongly and positively correlated with CCYP, indicating that the CCYP increased through Year 7. We believe that CCYRS measures the effects of accumulated corn residue in CC systems. Finally, we consider DELTADIFF to be a measure of the interaction between yearly weather patterns and crop rotation, which results in more negative yield responses for CC than SC under hot or dry conditions. This study concluded that the primary causative agents of the CCYP are N availability, corn residue accumulation, and weather.

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“…Literature reports many works that have dealt with decomposition of carbon and nitrogen in crop residues (Janzen and Kucey, 1988;Kaboneka et al, 1997;Mary et al, 1993;Recous et al, 1995). However, mineralization kinetics of organic carbon in manure amended soils in relation to the water repellency is still to be explored in detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial water repellency affected organic matter depletion rates of manure amended soils in Sri Lanka

Leelamanie

2014

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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Abstract:The wetting rate of soil is a measure of water repellency, which is a property of soils that prevents water from wetting or penetrating into dry soil. The objective of the present research was to examine the initial water repellency of organic manure amended soil, and its relation to the soil organic matter (SOM) depletion rates in the laboratory. Soil collected from the Wilpita natural forest, Sri Lanka, was mixed with organic manure to prepare soil samples with 0, 5, 10, 25, and 50% organic manure contents. Locally available cattle manure (CM), goat manure (GM), and Casuarina equisetifolia leaves (CE) were used as the organic manure amendments. Organic matter content of soils was measured in 1, 3, 7, 14, and 30 days intervals under the laboratory conditions with 74±5% relative humidity at 28±1°C. Initial water repellency of soil samples was measured as the wetting rates using the water drop penetration time (WDPT) test. Initial water repellency increased with increasing SOM content showing higher increasing rate for hydrophobic CE amended samples compared with those amended with CM and GM. The relation between water repellency and SOM content was considered to be governed by the original hydrophobicities of added manures. The SOM contents of all the soil samples decreased with the time to reach almost steady level at about 30 d. The initial SOM depletion rates were negatively related with the initial water repellency. However, all the CE amended samples initially showed prominent low SOM depletion rates, which were not significantly differed with the amended manure content or the difference in initial water repellency. It is explicable that the original hydrophobicity of the manure as well has a potentially important effect on initiation of SOM decomposition. In contrast, the overall SOM depletion rate can be attributed to the initial water repellency of the manure amended sample, however, not to the original hydrophobicity of the amended manure. Hydrophobic protection may prevent rapid microbial decomposition of SOM and it is conceivable that hydrophobic substances in appropriate composition may reduce organic matter mineralization in soil. These results suggest the contribution of hydrophobic organic substances in bioresistance of SOM and their long-term accumulation in soils.

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Carbon decomposition kinetics and nitrogen mineralization from corn, soybean, and wheat residues

Cited by 50 publications

References 17 publications

Winter Rye Cover Crop Biomass Production, Degradation, and Nitrogen Recycling

Winter Rye Cover Crop Biomass Production, Degradation, and Nitrogen Recycling

Identifying Factors Controlling the Continuous Corn Yield Penalty

Initial water repellency affected organic matter depletion rates of manure amended soils in Sri Lanka

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