Carbon charges and natural gas use in China

The Economics of Sustainable Urban Water Management: the Case of Beijing

“…So we take the mean value of marginal damage cost $50/ton (350 Yuan/ton) carbon dioxide as unit environmental cost of carbon dioxide (defined as u d ) in the study. According to the literature, the unit carbon dioxide emission (defined as d) in a coal power plant is around 800g/kWh (Skeer and Wang 2005). So the total amount of carbon dioxide emission due to energy consumption in centralized wastewater reuse systems could be obtained by multiplying 70 per cent of the energy consumption (defined as g) and carbon dioxide emission (d).…”

“…Although there are other emissions during the process of energy generation such as sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, which also cause negative environmental effects, the amount of carbon dioxide emission accounts for around 60 per cent (Skeer and Wang 2005). To simplify the study, only the effect of carbon dioxide was considered.…”

“…But the social impact of climate change is complex and difficult to evaluate because of the uncertainty of climate change. In the literature, the indicators considered in various studies are different and even the values for parameters such as discounting rate used for discounting the life of carbon dioxide are also different (Skeer and Wang 2005;Tol 2005Tol , 2008. The social impact of climate change could be regarded as the damage cost of carbon dioxide.…”

Economic Analysis of the Beijing Green Olympics: Implications on Environmental Protection in China

“…A methodology framework using criteria for policy evaluation was used in the assessment. Skeer and Wang (2006) explores how carbon charges on charges and carbon sequestration technology might tip the balance in favor of natural gas use in China. (Note 2) Substitution of natural gas for coal in China's power sector could significantly reduce emissions of carbon dioxide.…”

“…Most of them rely on case studies focusing either on transport sector (Deng, 2006 andJiang et al, 2007) or power plants (Skeer and Wang, (2006)). The current paper may be the first rigorous analysis of the benefits and costs of pollution control on Olympics events.…”