Carbon catalysts from pine cones – Synthesis and testing of their activities

Grzeszczak, Jadwiga; Wróblewska, Agnieszka; Kamińska, Adrianna; Miądlicki, Piotr; Sreńscek-Nazzal, Joanna; Wróbel, Rafał; Koren, Zvi; Michalkiewicz, Beata

doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2022.08.024

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It is also very interesting to compare the selectivity of the transformation to α-pinene oxide on the clin_4 catalyst and the TS-1 catalyst. On the clin_4 catalyst, the selectivity of this compound for reaction times of 60-120 min remains at the level of about 30 mol%, then the selectivity of α-pinene oxide gradually decreases to 25 mol% after 4 h, and 15 mol% after 5 h. In the case of the TS-1 catalyst, the high selectivities of αpinene oxide persist longer, i.e., until the reaction time of 6 h (23-30 mol%), while, for the During our research with carbon catalysts obtained from pine cones [41], other reaction products were formed for the reaction time of 60 min with the selectivity of 28 mol%, and the value of this selectivity increased with the extension of the reaction time. For the reaction time of 6 h, the selectivity was 35 mol% (catalyst sample marked as PC_850, where 850 means the temperature at which carbonization was carried out, the temperature of the oxidation of α-pinene 100 • C, and the amount of catalyst 0.5 wt%).…”

Section: Studies On the Catalytic Activity Of The Clinoptilolite Mate...mentioning

confidence: 68%

“…The products of α-pinene oxidation were analyzed quantitatively by the gas chromatography (GC) method using a FOCUS apparatus with an FID detector and a ZB-1701 column. The conditions for conducting these analyses were described in detail in our earlier work [41]. The composition of the post-reaction solution was determined using the internal normalization method.…”

Section: Identification Of the Oxygenated Derivatives Of α-Pinene By ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Qualitative analyses of oxygen derivatives of α-pinene were performed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) using ThermoQuest apparatus with Voyager detector and with a DB-5 column. The conditions for conducting these analyses were previously described [41].…”

Section: Identification Of the Oxygenated Derivatives Of α-Pinene By ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These compounds are readily used in the cosmetic and food industries, as well as in medicine as raw materials for obtaining perfumes, flavors, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins [38][39][40]. α-Pinene derivatives include such compounds as α-pinene oxide, campholenic aldehyde, L-carveol, verbenol, verbenone, trans-pinocarveol, myrtenal, myrtenol, carvone, and 1,2-pinanediol [41,42]. α-Pinene oxide is used in organic syntheses as the raw material for obtaining valuable compounds such as campholenic aldehyde, isopinocamphone, p-cymene, trans-sobrerol, and trans-carveol [43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various catalysts were used for the oxidation of α-pinene, including titanium-silicate catalysts such as Ti-MCM-41 [53,54], TS-1 [42], and Ti-MMM-2 [55], and transition metal salts such as CuI, CuCl, CuCl 2 , PdCl 2 , and PdBr 2 [56]. Carbonaceous materials obtained from pine cones were also described as catalysts for the oxidation of α-pinene [41]. The oxidation process of α-pinene was performed using various solvents (acetonitrile, acetone, and methylene chloride).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Application of Clinoptilolite as the Green Catalyst in the Solvent-Free Oxidation of α-Pinene with Oxygen

et al. 2023

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In this work, we present the catalytic application of the naturally occurring zeolite, clinoptilolite, in the oxidation of α-pinene, a natural terpene compound. Clinoptilolites with different average particle sizes, designated as (in μm) clin_1 (20), clin_2 (50), clin_3 (200), and clin_4 (500–1000), were used as the green catalysts in the solvent-free oxidation of α-pinene with oxygen. Prior to their application in catalytic tests, the catalysts were characterized by the following methods: nitrogen sorption at 77 K, EDXRF, XRD, SEM, UV-Vis, and FTIR. The effects of the temperature, amount of the catalyst, and reaction time on the product’s selectivity and α-pinene conversion were determined. At the optimal conditions (a temperature of 100 °C, catalyst content (clin_4) in the reaction mixture of 0.05 wt%, and 210 min reaction time), the following compounds were obtained as the main products: α-pinene oxide (selectivity 29 mol%), verbenol (selectivity 17 mol%), and verbenone (selectivity 13 mol%). The conversion of α-pinene under these conditions amounted to 35 mol%. Additionally, the kinetic modeling of α-pinene oxidation over the most active catalyst (clin_4) was performed. The proposed method of oxidation is environmentally safe because it does not require the separation of products from the solvent. In addition, this method allows for managing the biomass in the form of turpentine, which is the main source of α-pinene. The catalytic application of clinoptilolite in the oxidation of α-pinene has not yet been reported in the literature.

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Section: Studies On the Catalytic Activity Of The Clinoptilolite Mate...mentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Identification Of the Oxygenated Derivatives Of α-Pinene By ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Identification Of the Oxygenated Derivatives Of α-Pinene By ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Application of Clinoptilolite as the Green Catalyst in the Solvent-Free Oxidation of α-Pinene with Oxygen

et al. 2023

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Temperature‐Induced Modifications in Natural Zeolite Clinoptilolite: Effects on Acidity and Catalytic Acetalization

Muhammad,

Al‐Muqati,

Schulz

et al. 2024

ChemNanoMat

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This study delves into the acid modification of natural zeolite clinoptilolite, focusing on the identification of acid site types and their catalytic activity in the Brønsted acid‐catalyzed acetalization of benzaldehyde with 1,3‐butanediol. Following calcination, the samples underwent acidification via ammonium‐ion exchange, resulting in approximately 45% of the clinoptilolite cations being exchanged with ammonium ions. The investigation evaluates the structural, morphological, and textural alterations induced by this modification using XRD, FTIR, and nitrogen adsorption‐desorption measurements. Ammonia‐temperature‐programmed desorption (NH3‐TPD) analysis confirms the presence of medium to strong acidic protons, highlighting the acidity of the modified samples. Employing 27Al and 29Si magic‐angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) spectroscopy elucidated changes in the state and coordination of aluminum post‐sample activation. Specifically, the 27Al MAS NMR spectra indicate a partial dealumination, evidenced by the emergence of 5 and 6‐fold coordinated aluminum. Moreover, 29Si MAS NMR measurements tracked variations in the Si/Al ratio. The study probes the nature of these sites, their influence on catalytic activity, and the synergistic interplay between Brønsted acid sites and 5‐fold coordinated aluminum. The results showcase that the prepared acidic natural clinoptilolite catalysts augment acidity and porosity, fostering promising implications for catalytic applications.

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Aerobic epoxidation of α-pinene using Mn/SAPO-34 catalyst: Optimization via Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

Huang

Chen

Zheng

et al. 2023

Molecular Catalysis

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Carbon catalysts from pine cones – Synthesis and testing of their activities

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

The Application of Clinoptilolite as the Green Catalyst in the Solvent-Free Oxidation of α-Pinene with Oxygen

The Application of Clinoptilolite as the Green Catalyst in the Solvent-Free Oxidation of α-Pinene with Oxygen

Temperature‐Induced Modifications in Natural Zeolite Clinoptilolite: Effects on Acidity and Catalytic Acetalization

Aerobic epoxidation of α-pinene using Mn/SAPO-34 catalyst: Optimization via Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

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