Carbocyclic analogues of the anti‐HIV dideoxynucleoside 3′‐azido‐3′‐deoxythymidine AZT (1) were synthesized. Starting from the enantiomerically pure carbocyclic 2′‐deoxythymidine 2, four different carbocyclic AZT analogues 2,4–6 were prepared. Moreover, the nucleoside analogues were converted into their membrane‐permeable cycloSal‐phosphate triesters. All compounds were tested in vitro for their anti‐HIV activity in human T‐lymphocytes (CEM/0). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)