Carbon capture and utilization in the steel industry: challenges and opportunities for chemical engineering

Mechanistic and multiscale aspects of thermo-catalytic CO2conversion to C1products

“…Recently, new solutions to provide heat to the chemical reactions have been proposed, including the use of microwaves 457 and electrified reactors. 458,459 The electrification of reactors is a very promising technology, and it has been investigated both for the steam and dry reforming of methane, 458,459 showing good energetic efficiency, increasing catalyst utilization, and reducing the thermal gradient in the reactor. Steady and consistent power supply, thermo-mechanical and physical properties of materials, and energy efficiency represent the main challenges when considering electrified reactors.…”

“…Steady and consistent power supply, thermo-mechanical and physical properties of materials, and energy efficiency represent the main challenges when considering electrified reactors. [458][459][460] Besides heat management, thermodynamics is an intrinsic limit of some of these processes. To increase thermodynamic equilibrium yields, suitable pressure and temperature should be chosen, but convenient designs help to achieve good yields with less severe operating conditions (e.g., lower Catalysis Science & Technology Mini review pressure).…”

Critical Analysis and Evaluation of the Technology Pathways for Carbon Capture and Utilization

“…There are a range of technology applications where CCU has been investigated by researchers. These include diverse areas, such as CCU based on chemical conversion of CO 2 from industrial flue gas under ambient conditions [19], CCU via CO 2 conversion to liquid transportation fuels through reacting with renewable hydrogen produced from solar water splitting [20], CCU enabled via a sorptive reactor for CO 2 capture and subsequent conversion to renewable methane [21], CCU as a potential route to plastic products for consumer applications [22], CCU as part of the mineral carbonation process [23], CCU potential in the steel industry [24], CCU for sodium bicarbonate production via solar thermal power [25], wastewater treatment processes as a source for CCU [26], CCU through the fermentation of CO 2 via integration of ethanol fermentation with succinic acid production [27], and CCU in a microalga-based bio-refinery [28]. This range of areas highlights the sheer breadth of research avenues that are currently being explored in this area-across power generation applications to the production of novel products and materials as well as different industrial settings and novel bioengineering applications.…”

Catalytic Reduction of CO2 to CO via Reverse Water Gas Shift Reaction: Recent Advances in the Design of Active and Selective Supported Metal Catalysts

“…Therefore, CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere must be reduced. Many researchers have tried to solve these problems through carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) and carbon dioxide capture and utilization (CCU) [6][7][8][9][10]. However, CCS poses a risk of CO 2 leakage and causes unknown effects on the environment [11].…”