Carbon black-supported FM–N–C (FM = Fe, Co, and Ni) single-atom catalysts synthesized by the self-catalysis of oxygen-coordinated ferrous metal atoms

Abstract

<p>Carbon nanomaterials have abundant sources but are difficult to use directly as a support for single atom catalysts (SACs) due to the lack of strong anchoring forces to restrict the aggregation of metal atoms during the high-temperature treatment.</p>

Recent Advances in Phosphorus‐Coordinated Transition Metal Single‐Atom Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

“…This can be realized by pyrolyzing P‐containing organic precursors with strong coordination with metal ions, such as phosphoric acid, phytic acid (PA), and triphenylphosphine (TPP). On the one hand, the strong coordination keeps the M−P structure in the product; on the other hand, the high thermal decomposition temperature of the organic precursor makes the metal atoms less likely to aggregate [41–43] . There are two ways of linking M and P in the precursor: P−O−M and M−P, which could convert to M−P x sites after pyrolysis.…”

Atomically-dispersed NiN4–Cl active sites with axial Ni–Cl coordination for accelerating electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

“…S5c †). 26,39,52 The C 1s spectrum can be divided into three peaks, including C-N (286.9 eV), C]N (284.7 eV) and C]C (284.1 eV) (Fig. S5d †).…”

Modulating the Local Coordination Environment of Single‐Atom Catalysts for Enhanced Catalytic Performance in Hydrogen/Oxygen Evolution Reaction

“…Wang et al reported the synthesis of N-doped carbon black-supported Fe SACs via the self-catalysis of ferrous metal (FM) atoms. [37] The carbon black support was initially acid-treated to obtain an oxidized surface rich in oxygen-containing functional groups, like CO and C═O, which absorbed the high-density FM ions and formed FM-O bonds. Upon mild pyrolysis at 600 °C, the FMO bonds were transformed to FM−N 4 species, producing Fe single-atoms on the N-doped carbon black surface.…”

“…A number of atomically dispersed single-atom catalysts based on both noble metals (i.e., Au, Pt, Pd, Ru, Ir) [39,[76][77][78][79][80] and nonnoble metals (i.e., Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Co, Mo, W) [37,41,[81][82][83][84][85] have been successfully synthesized over the last decade by utilizing various high-surface-area support materials, such as nanostructured carbons, metal oxides/carbides/nitrides/sulfides, and 2D nanostructures. To synthesize SACs with high metal-loading and durability features, the selection of support materials with well-defined anchoring sites is crucial.…”

“…Because of this complication, the design, selection, and synthesis of solid supports have become an essential aspect of SACs development. For this purpose, high-surface-area supports like metal oxide-based materials, [21,[32][33][34][35] carbonaceous materials (i.e., activated carbon, carbon black, porous carbon, carbon nanotubes (CNT), N-doped carbon, g-C 3 N 4 , and graphene), [36][37][38][39][40][41] and 2D supports including MXenes, [42][43][44] transition metal chalcogenides, [45][46][47] layered double hydroxides (LDH), [48][49][50] and 2D metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), [51][52][53] are structurally and compositionally modified to accommodate the dispersion of high-loading single metal atoms.…”