Carbon-Based Fibers for Advanced Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices

Abstract

Advanced electrochemical energy storage devices (EESDs) that can store electrical energy efficiently while being miniature/flexible/wearable/load-bearing are much needed for various applications ranging from flexible/wearable/portable electronics to lightweight electric vehicles/aerospace equipment. Carbon-based fibers hold great promise in the development of these advanced EESDs (e.g., supercapacitors and batteries) due to their being lightweight, high electrical conductivity, excellent mechanical strength, flexibility, and tunable electrochemical performance. This review summarizes the fabrication techniques of carbon-based fibers, especially carbon nanofibers, carbon-nanotube-based fibers, and graphene-based fibers, and various strategies for improving their mechanical, electrical, and electrochemical performance. The design, assembly, and potential applications of advanced EESDs from these carbon-based fibers are highlighted. Finally, the challenges and future opportunities of carbon-based fibers for advanced EESDs are discussed.

Comparison of the Level and Mechanisms of Toxicity of Carbon Nanotubes, Carbon Nanofibers, and Silicon Nanotubes in Bioassay with Four Marine Microalgae

“…Carbon nanotubes were successfully used in electronics [6], catalysis [7,8], environmental purification [9,10], biomedicine [11,12], and other fields. Carbon nanofibers have an application in energy storage [13,14], electronics [15], catalysis [16,17], biosensing [18], etc. Silica NPs are mostly valued by their mesoporous properties [19].…”

Soft Materials for Wearable/Flexible Electrochemical Energy Conversion, Storage, and Biosensor Devices

“…To obtain great flexibility, the fiber-type electrode concept is often utilized. Fiber electrodes with outstanding flexibility, conductivity, and mechanical resistance can be fabricated by assembling CNTs and 1D-2D graphene for flexible Li-ion batteries [115][116][117]. Many interesting examples of CNTs structures tailored to textile electrodes can be found in the literature [118][119][120][121].…”

“…Many interesting examples of CNTs structures tailored to textile electrodes can be found in the literature [118][119][120][121]. One of them is provided by a coaxial fiber-shaped lithium-ion battery [117,120]. Weng and co-workers [120] deposited CNT/Si and CNT/lithium manganate (LMO) composite yarn on a cotton fiber substrate to obtain a hybrid layered structure for the cathode and the anode, respectively.…”

Advanced pillared designs for two-dimensional materials in electrochemical energy storage

“…With the rapid consumption of fossil fuel and the increasing use of portable devices, construction of electrochemical energy storage (EES) systems with long cycling life, low production cost, and high energy/power density has been considered as an urgent demand. 1,2 The key challenge in realizing high-efficiency EES systems is to nd suitable electrodes as the present commercialized lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are approaching their theoretical performance limit. 3,4 Therefore, considerable efforts have been made to explore appropriate materials with rationally designed structures towards diverse and emerging EES systems, such as lithium-ion capacitors (LICs), 5,6 sodiumion batteries/capacitors (SIBs or SICs), [7][8][9] magnesium-ion batteries (MIBs) 10,11 and zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs).…”