Carbon assimilation and water-use efficiency by neighboring Mediterranean-climate oaks that differ in water access

Goulden, Michael L.

doi:10.1093/treephys/16.4.417

Cited by 58 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The distribution of root systems may also have an effect on the sensitivity of sap flow responses to soil-water change [31,[54][55][56][57]. Most of these studies showed that inherently shallow rooted species may show large reductions of sap flow or conductance in response to VPD as the soil dries, while deeply rooted species may maintain moderate rates of transpiration regardless of soil moisture.…”

Section: Response Of Sap Flow To Meteorological Factors Under Differementioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Sap Flow of Deciduous and Conifer Trees to Soil Drying in a Subalpine Forest

Yan

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2018

Forests

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Co-occurring species may adopt different water-use strategies to adapt to limited soil water. In Jiuzhaigou Valley, a continuous decline in soil water after an initial recharge from the thawing of snow and frozen soil in early spring was observed, but its effects on the sap flow dynamics of co-occurring species are not well understood. To clarify the species-specific water-use strategy, variations in sap flow and environmental conditions were investigated for two co-occurring species (Betula albosinensis Burk. and Pinus tabuliaeformis Carr.) in a mixed forest during a transition from the wet to dry period in 2014. Sap flow was measured using Granier-type thermal dissipation probes, and the soil-water content was measured using time-domain reflectometry probes for a successive period. Our study showed that B. albosinensis maintained relatively high transpiration until late into the season regardless of soil moisture, while the transpiration of P. tabuliformis showed a continuous decrease in response to seasonal soil drying. Sap flow for both species exhibited a marked hysteresis in response to meteorological factors and it was conditioned by the soil-water status, especially in the afternoon. We found that P. tabuliformis was sensitive to soil-water conditions, while for B. albosinensis, the sap flow was not very sensitive to changes in soil-water conditions. These results indicate that B. albosinensis could manage the water consumption conservatively under both dry and wet conditions. These results may have implications for evaluating the species-specific water-use strategy and carrying out proper reforestation practices.

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Section: Response Of Sap Flow To Meteorological Factors Under Differementioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Sap Flow of Deciduous and Conifer Trees to Soil Drying in a Subalpine Forest

Yan

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2018

Forests

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“…We also recorded sums of evaporation that were lower than transpiration values for evergreen oak savanna growing on the coastal range of California (Goulden, 1996); a landscape of Quercus agrifolia transpired 443 mm and Q. durata transpired 570 mm in a year. Evergreen oaks in northern California grow in a wetter and cooler climate and access ground water (Griffin, 1988) which limits the degree of stomatal closure during the summer.…”

Section: Evaporation and Sensible Heat Exchange: Temporal Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, predictions of potential evaporation rates with radiation-based models, such as the Priestley-Taylor equation (Priestley and Taylor, 1972), severely overestimate evaporation of savanna woodlands (Major, 1988;Lewis et al, 2000). This occurs because a semi-arid climate limits the amount of leaf area that can be sustained by the ecosystem (Eagleson, 1982;Baldocchi and Meyers, 1998;Eamus and Prior, 2001;Eamus, 2003) and drying soils force stomatal closure, which limit transpiration when evaporative demand is greatest (Kelliher et al, 1993;Goulden, 1996;Kiang, 2002).…”

Section: Canopy Conductance and Photosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

How plant functional-type, weather, seasonal drought, and soil physical properties alter water and energy fluxes of an oak–grass savanna and an annual grassland

Baldocchi

Kiang

2004

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

530

415

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Savannas and open grasslands often co-exist in semi-arid regions. Questions that remain unanswered and are of interest to biometeorologists include: how do these contrasting landscapes affect the exchanges of energy on seasonal and annual time scales; and, do biophysical constraints imposed by water supply and water demand affect whether the land is occupied by open grasslands or savanna? To address these questions, and others, we examine how a number of abiotic, biotic and edaphic factors modulate water and energy flux densities over an oak-grass savanna and an annual grassland that coexist in the same climate but on soils with different hydraulic properties.The net radiation balance was greater over the oak woodland than the grassland, despite the fact that both canopies received similar sums of incoming short and long wave radiation. The lower albedo and lower radiative surface temperature of the transpiring woodland caused it to intercept and retain more long and shortwave energy over the course of the year, and particularly during the summer dry period.The partitioning of available energy into sensible and latent heat exchanged over the two canopies differed markedly. The annual sum of sensible heat exchange over the woodland was 40% greater than that over the grassland (2.05 GJ m −2 per year versus 1.46 GJ m −2 per year). With regards to evaporation, the oak woodland evaporated about 380 mm of water per year and the grassland evaporated about 300 mm per year. Differences in available energy, canopy roughness, the timing of physiological functioning, water holding capacity of the soil and rooting depth of the vegetation explained the observed differences in sensible and latent heat exchange of the contrasting vegetation surfaces.The response of canopy evaporation to diminishing soil moisture was quantified by comparing normalized evaporation rates (in terms of equilibrium evaporation) with soil water potential and volumetric water content measurements. When soil moisture was ample normalized values of latent heat flux density were greater for the grassland (1.1-1.2) than for the oak savanna (0.7-0.8) and independent of moisture content. Normalized rates of evaporation over the grassland declined as volumetric water content dropped below 0.15 m 3 m −3 , which corresponded with a soil water potential of −1.5 MPa. The grassland senesced and quit transpiring when the volumetric water content of the soil dropped below −2.0 MPa. The oak trees, on the other hand, were able to transpire, albeit at low rates, under very dry soil conditions (soil water potentials below −4.0 MPa). The trees were able to endure such low water potentials and maintain basal levels of metabolism because * Corresponding author. Baldocchi et al. / Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 123 (2004) ecological forcings kept the tree density and leaf area index of the woodland low, physiological factors forced the stomata to close progressively and the trees were able to tap deeper water sources (below 0.6 m) than the grasses.

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“…Daily transpiration is correlated to soil moisture during short drying periods and seasonally [11,14,20,43,46,57,58]. Granier and Loustau [23] showed that increasing soil moisture deficit during 8 d resulted in a decrease in E C of maritime pine to a sixth of the initial value.…”

Section: Canopy Transpirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling xylem sap flux and soil water balance and calculating variance: a method for partitioning water flux in forests

et al. 1998

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-To partition evapotranspiration between canopy and subcanopy components in a 12-m-tall Pinus taeda forest and to assess certain aspects of environmental regulation of canopy transpiration, we quantified water flux in a forest using three approaches: 1) measuring water flux in xylem of trees, and scaling to stand transpiration of canopy trees (E C ); 2) measuring soil water content and saturated conductivity, and modeling drainage to estimate total evapotranspiration (E T ) during rainless days based on a local water balance (LWB); and 3) using an eddy correlation approach to estimate total E T . We calculated variances for each estimate, and proposed an approach to test for differences between estimates of E C and E T . Diurnal

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Carbon assimilation and water-use efficiency by neighboring Mediterranean-climate oaks that differ in water access

Cited by 58 publications

References 29 publications

Responses of Sap Flow of Deciduous and Conifer Trees to Soil Drying in a Subalpine Forest

Responses of Sap Flow of Deciduous and Conifer Trees to Soil Drying in a Subalpine Forest

How plant functional-type, weather, seasonal drought, and soil physical properties alter water and energy fluxes of an oak–grass savanna and an annual grassland

Scaling xylem sap flux and soil water balance and calculating variance: a method for partitioning water flux in forests

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