Carbon as Catalyst Support

Rodríguez‐Reinoso, F.; Sepúlveda-Escribano, A.

doi:10.1002/9780470403709.ch4

Cited by 40 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…The high spe cific surface area of C CPVC is caused by an increased fraction of micropores (more than 30% on an V Σ basis) ( Table 1). Note that the porous structure of a support plays an important role in the formation of metal sites and their stabilization on the support surface and in the mass transfer of reactants and products within a catalyst grain in the course of reaction [6,7]. According to the results of chromatographic analy sis, all of the 1.5%Pd/C catalysts tested in the reaction of nitrobenzene hydrogenation under a pressure of hydrogen ensured the complete conversion of nitroben zene with the selective formation of aniline (Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The wide application of carbon supports in catalysis is caused by their large specific surface areas and the presence of a developed pore system, which facilitate the transfer of reactants and reaction products. The supports of this type possess tunable surface chemical properties and chemical inertness, especially in strong acidic and basic media [6,7] Here, we consider the applicability of a porous car bon material obtained by the "chemical" dehydrochlo rination of CPVC as a palladium catalyst support for the reactions of nitrobenzene hydrogenation and chlo robenzene hydrodechlorination. The liquid phase cat alytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene was studied in suf ficient detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Palladium hydrogenation catalyst based on a porous carbon material obtained upon the dehydrochlorination of a chloro polymer

et al. 2016

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The applicability of a porous carbon material obtained as a result of the "chemical" dehydrochlo rination of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride as a support for palladium hydrogenation catalysts was demon strated. The efficiency of the catalyst was evaluated in the liquid phase reactions of nitrobenzene hydrogena tion and chlorobenzene hydrodechlorination. Although the specific activity of the catalyst was lower by a fac tor of 3-4 than that of the samples based on Sibunit and carbon nanotubes, the complete conversion of the initial compounds with the selective formation of end products under mild conditions was achieved at a rel atively low palladium content (1.5%).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palladium hydrogenation catalyst based on a porous carbon material obtained upon the dehydrochlorination of a chloro polymer

et al. 2016

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“…The production and search for new activated carbons has been boosted decade after decade due to their fundamental role in various technological applications which are related to, namely, restricted environmental regulations, recovery of valuable chemical compounds, and catalysts support [8,[12][13][14].…”

Section: Historic Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoporous Carbon Synthesis: An Old Story with Exciting New Chapters

Mestre¹,

Carvalho²

2018

Porosity - Process, Technologies and Applications

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Activated carbons are key materials in technological applications of multidisciplinary fields (e.g. adsorption, separation, and catalytic processes). The extensive use of these materials results from the combination of a well-developed pore network (micropores or micro + mesopores) along with the presence of heteroatoms (e.g. oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur). The large scale production of nanoporous carbons is a well-established process since the first patents date from the beginning of the twentieth century. Conventional activation methodologies are divided between physical, using steam or CO 2 , and chemical, being KOH, ZnCl 2 , and H 3 PO 4 the most commonly reported oxidizing agents. Due to the panoply of operational parameters that can be changed or added in the production of activated carbons, there is still room for R&D. In this chapter, both conventional and innovative synthetic processes are reviewed to offer an up-to-date picture regarding raw materials, carbonization step, activation process, and other approaches. Conventional activation of gels and chars obtained by novel approaches (i.e. sol-gel method, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), and acid-mediated carbonization) and more innovative strategies (i.e. variations of HTC process, carbonization of organic salts and ionothermal approaches) are addressed. Textural, surface chemistry and morphological properties of the derived porous carbons were reviewed and critically rationalized.

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“…Graphitic carbon materials, including cokes, active carbon, carbon black, carbon fibers, and nanotubes, are often used to as the supports for metal nanoparticles in catalysis. [15,16] However, because of the inhomogeneity and complexity of these carbon materials, our knowledge on metal-carbon interactions comes mainly from theoretical calculations, and direct comparison between experiments and the calculations has been very challenging. [17,18] For example, it is generally believed that oxygen-containing functionalities, such as carboxylic, carbonyl, and phenolic groups, are necessary for anchoring of metal nanoparticles on the carbon supports.…”

Section: Carbon-metal Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding fundamental processes in carbon materials with well-defined colloidal graphene quantum dots

Noffke

Liu

2015

Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science

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Carbon materials have played very important roles in our society. Due to their complexity and inhomogeneity, however, our understandings of these materials have seriously lagged behind. As a result, development of new carbon materials has been largely based on trial and error. Here we review our recent work on using well-defined colloidal graphene quantum dots as model systems to study fundamental processes in carbon materials. Future directions and limitations of this approach are also discussed.

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Carbon as Catalyst Support

Cited by 40 publications

References 114 publications

Palladium hydrogenation catalyst based on a porous carbon material obtained upon the dehydrochlorination of a chloro polymer

Palladium hydrogenation catalyst based on a porous carbon material obtained upon the dehydrochlorination of a chloro polymer

Nanoporous Carbon Synthesis: An Old Story with Exciting New Chapters

Understanding fundamental processes in carbon materials with well-defined colloidal graphene quantum dots

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