Carbon, 2. Diamond

Vohler, O.; Nutsch, G.; Sturm, Ferdinand von; Wege, Erhard

doi:10.1002/14356007.n05_n01

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The global warming impacts of DND and synthetic diamond grit can be compared because they have similar properties and are used in similar applications, such as polishing. , Specifically, the impact of 1 g DND (baseline scenario in this study) was compared to 1 g synthetic diamond grit (HPHT production according to the “current scenario” in Furberg et al). The comparison shows that the global warming impact of synthetic diamond grit (about 920 g CO 2 equiv/g) is about 5 times higher than the impact of DND (about 180 g CO 2 equiv/g).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diamond film production via MWCVD utilizes gas as a precursor, consisting of methane (CH 4 ) and hydrogen (H 2 ) from which carbon is deposited onto a substrate . Large-scale commercialized diamond film production is typically conducted using a 915 MHz operating frequency apparatus with a power of 30–60 kW accommodating a substrate of about 15 cm in diameter . The diamond film growth rate is 1–12 μm/h depending on the application .…”

Section: Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Life Cycle Assessment of Synthetic Nanodiamond and Diamond Film Production

Furberg,

Arvidsson

2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Diamond possesses extraordinary properties, including extreme hardness, thermal conductivity, and mechanical strength. Global industrial diamond production is dominated by synthetic diamond, with important commercial applications in hard coatings and semiconductors. However, the life cycle impacts of synthetic diamond materials are largely unknown. The main aim of this study is to conduct the first detailed life cycle assessments of the typical production routes for nanodiamond and diamond film, which are detonation synthesis and microwave chemical vapor deposition, respectively. The functional units were set to 1 g nanodiamond and 1 cm 2 diamond film. A limited number of inputs dominate the assessed impacts: explosives and cooling water for nanodiamond production, and electricity and substrate for diamond film production. Diamond film manufacturers can reduce their global warming, freshwater eutrophication, and terrestrial acidification impacts by 62−71% by sourcing wind or solar instead of global average electricity. However, this comes at the expense of increased mineral resource scarcity impacts at 57−73%. A comparison between nanodiamond and synthetic diamond grit shows that the grit's global warming impact is about 5 times higher, suggesting that nanodiamond is environmentally preferable. The ready-to-use unitprocess data from this study can be applied in future studies of products containing these materials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Assessment of Synthetic Nanodiamond and Diamond Film Production

Furberg,

Arvidsson

2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…All gas flows were controlled by mass flow controllers. The temperature for all experiments was 1000°C and the reaction time 4 h. Chlorination took place at a chlorine concentration of 2.5 mol m The conversion was determined gravimetrically 1) :…”

Section: Chlorinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular activated carbon is used for a number of applications such as treatment of sewage or purification of gases [1]. In catalysis porous carbons are used either as active or inert supports.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Microporous Carbon Foams as Catalyst Supports

et al. 2010

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Microporous carbon foams were synthesized as structured catalyst supports by the carbide-derived carbon (CDC) method. The self-supporting foams showed a narrow pore size distribution which seems to induce shape-selective effects during reactions. The applicability of these materials as supports for active metals was tested in a hydrogenation reaction of different olefins with a CDC powder wet impregnated with platinum.

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“…According to work by the Henning group about the study on the mechanical behavior of an extruded mixture during carbonization, the specimen exhibited viscoelastic behavior at temperatures below the resolidification temperature of binder pitch (∼770 K) and ideal elastic behavior at temperatures above it. It is generally accepted that the porosity that developed below 673 K is mostly due to an important release of volatile matter from the fluid, but highly impervious binder pitch tends to increase the internal pressure inside the green body . In that respect, the formation of porosity depends basically on kinetic considerations; that is, the rate of formation of volatiles must be comparable to or lower than the rate of their diffusion outside the green body. − It was analyzed that the internal pressure and the thermal stress were main factors that limit heating rates, and the result showed that both the gas pressure and the stress from the gas pressure increase approximately in proportion to specimen diameter and square root of heating rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Model of Heating Patterns during Carbonization of Green Carbon Blocks

Zhang

Sun

et al. 2011

Energy Fuels

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The potential to damage synthetic graphite is high during the pyrolysis of pitch/coke composite material in processing of carbon/carbon components. Exact modeling of heating patterns could optimize the preparation conditions in order to obtain high quality products. A capillary–cell model was built to evaluate the internal pressure resulting from volatile matter in green carbon blocks during carbonization. The theoretical model for heating patterns was proposed by considering the influence of heating rates on the internal pressure and the thermal stress during the heat-treatment procedure. The results showed that the theoretical heating rates were mainly controlled by mass transfer in the range 467–850 K and by heat transfer in other temperature ranges. The values calculated by the developed model were compared with the industrial results, and the validity of the proposed method for the prediction of heating patterns is evaluated.

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Carbon, 2. Diamond

Abstract: The article contains sections titled: 1. Properties and Structure of Natural Diamond 2. Diamond Synthesis … Show more

Cited by 3 publications

References 55 publications

Life Cycle Assessment of Synthetic Nanodiamond and Diamond Film Production

Life Cycle Assessment of Synthetic Nanodiamond and Diamond Film Production

Synthesis of Microporous Carbon Foams as Catalyst Supports

Theoretical Model of Heating Patterns during Carbonization of Green Carbon Blocks

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