Carbohydrates, volatile and phenolic compounds composition, and antioxidant activity of calabura (Muntingia calabura L.) fruit

Pereira, Gustavo Araújo; Arruda, Henrique Silvano; Morais, Damila Rodrigues de; Eberlin, Marcos N.; Pastore, Gláucia Maria

doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2018.03.046

Cited by 50 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…This is in line with Trihastuty research that the greater the dose of the extract of petroleum ether (non-polar), the phagocytic index decreases and shows immunosuppressant effects (phagocytic index < 1), due to the presence of immunosuppressant substance such as terpenoids [22]. Besides carbohydrates, phenolic and flavonoid compounds, M. calabura L. fruits also contain terpenoids [23]. An increase in the carbon clearance index indicates the enhancement of the macrophage function in phagocytosis and non-specific immunity [24].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Immunomodulatory Activity of Muntingia Calabura L. Fruits Using Carbon Clearance Assay and Their Total Flavonoid and Phenolic Contents

Sujono¹,

Kusumowati²,

Munawaroh³

2019

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective: Muntingia calabura L fruits have several advantages for health and can be consumed as alternative medicine. This study aims to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of methanol extract (ME) and fractions of M. calabura L fruits against non-specific immune response in mice and its total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Methods: This research using carbon clearance assay or phagocytosis method which was done on mice. Seventy male Swiss mice were divided into 14 groups. Mice were treated with ME, hexane fraction (HF), dichloromethane fraction (DF), and ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) of M. calabura L. orally at a dose of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg daily for 7 days. Zymosan with a dose of 15 mg/kg was used as a positive control and given intraperitoneally, and CMC Na was used as a negative control. On the 8th day, mice were injected with carbon ink suspension intravenously and blood samples were taken at the minutes of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30. Furthermore, the transmittance was measured at λ 675 nm. The total phenolic content was measured using the Folin–Ciocalteu method, and flavonoid content was measured using the AlCl3 method. Results: Zymosan, ME, and EAF of M. calabura L. at a dose of 200 mg/kg showed a strong immunostimulatory effect (phagocytic index >1.5) while the HF and DF groups showed that the higher doses decreased the phagocytic index. The total phenolic contents of ME, HF, DF, and EAF were 27.90, 11.11, 16.72, and 30.11%, respectively, while the flavonoid contents were 4.07, 0.17, 3.07, and 1.86%, respectively. Conclusion: ME and EAF of M. calabura L. fruits have immunostimulatory activity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Immunomodulatory Activity of Muntingia Calabura L. Fruits Using Carbon Clearance Assay and Their Total Flavonoid and Phenolic Contents

Sujono¹,

Kusumowati²,

Munawaroh³

2019

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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“…The principal component analysis (PCA) applied for assessment of the concentration of EPS and fungal biomass and the pH values in the post-culture liquids indicates that high EPS yield values are not accompanied by high biomass concentration values or high pH values ( Figure 5). conditions [1,8,12]. The maximum concentration of EPS in the post-culture liquid of the tested strains was close to the maximum values known from the literature on various types of Ascomycota fungi [16,21].…”

Section: Demfc5 Demfc37supporting

confidence: 82%

“…Similarly, the pH value of 9.5 was optimal on the third (optimal) day of culture for obtaining both the largest biomass and the largest EPS yield of DEMFc5 and DEMFc37 strains. Often, increases in EPS have been obtained at different culture incubation times [18] in the case of a decrease in biomass [16] and under stress conditions [1,8,12]. The maximum concentration of EPS in the post-culture liquid of the tested strains was close to the maximum values known from the literature on various types of Ascomycota fungi [16,21].…”

Section: Demfc5 Demfc37supporting

confidence: 69%

“…The EPS of the PGPR strain contained the greatest amounts of phenolic compounds, especially water-soluble, which is most likely associated with the highest antioxidant activity. It is well known that phenolic compounds are mainly responsible for antioxidant capacity of plant [12], [90] and [91] and filamentous fungi [92], including Basidiomycota [93] and endophytic fungi [94] [95]. Antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds are determined by their structure and may increase in the interaction with other phenolic compounds and in presence of polysaccharides, as demonstrated in studies of the antioxidant properties of a mixture of phenolic compounds with pectin [96].…”

Section: Eps Antioxidant Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in Production, Composition, and Antioxidant Activities of Exopolymeric Substances (EPS) Obtained from Cultures of Endophytic Fusarium culmorum Strains with Different Effects on Cereals

et al. 2020

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Exopolymeric substances (EPS) can determine plant-microorganism interactions and have great potential as bioactive compounds. The different amounts of EPS obtained from cultures of three endophytic Fusarium culmorum strains with different aggressiveness—growth promoting (PGPF), deleterious (DRMO), and pathogenic towards cereal plants—depended on growth conditions. The EPS concentrations (under optimized culture conditions) were the lowest (0.2 g/L) in the PGPF, about three times higher in the DRMO, and five times higher in the pathogen culture. The EPS of these strains differed in the content of proteins, phenolic components, total sugars, glycosidic linkages, and sugar composition (glucose, mannose, galactose, and smaller quantities of arabinose, galactosamine, and glucosamine). The pathogen EPS exhibited the highest total sugar and mannose concentration. FTIR analysis confirmed the β configuration of the sugars. The EPS differed in the number and weight of polysaccharidic subfractions. The EPS of PGPF and DRMO had two subfractions and the pathogen EPS exhibited a subfraction with the lowest weight (5 kDa). The three EPS preparations (ethanol-precipitated EP, crude C, and proteolysed P) had antioxidant activity (particularly high for the EP-EPS soluble in high concentrations). The EP-EPS of the PGPF strain had the highest antioxidant activity, most likely associated with the highest content of phenolic compounds in this EPS.

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“…The content of biologically active compounds in meads and, hence, their antioxidative capabilities depend on many factors like, e.g., type of honey, heat processing of wort, and parameters of fermentation process, but also the type of additives used, i.e., herbs, spices, or fruits [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. The latter contain multiple compounds which elicit antioxidative effects [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Among such fruits, special attention is owed to the fruits of the Cornelian cherry, which apart from polyphenols contain compounds from the group of iridoids that have so far been detected in few fruits only [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Biologically Active Compounds in Cornelian Cherry Meads

et al. 2018

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In this study, we investigated the effect of Cornelian cherry cultivars differing in fruit color (“Yantaryi”—yellow fruits, “Koralovyi”—coral fruits, “Podolski”—red fruits) on physicochemical characteristics, antioxidative properties, and contents of iridoids and polyphenols in meads with the addition of juices made of their fruits. “Trójniak” type meads (1:2 honey to water volume) were manufactured from multifloral honey, to which Cornelian cherry fruit juice was added before fermentation. Concentrations of individual iridoids and polyphenols were determined using HPLC analysis with a thermostat refractometric detector, model RID-10A. The total polyphenol content was determined based on testing with Folin–Ciocalteu (F-C) reagent, whereas the antioxidative properties were determined using DPPH• (2,2-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl), ABTS•⁺ (2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) assays. Cultivar of Cornelian cherry fruits influenced both the antioxidative properties and the concentrations of polyphenols and iridoids. The highest concentration of total polyphenols (F-C), accounting for 898.7 mg gallic acid (GAE)/L, was determined in the mead with juice made of red fruits; this mead was also characterized by the strongest antioxidative capabilities measured with ABTS•⁺ and FRAP assays. Among the iridoids determined in the Cornelian cherry meads, loganic acid was found to prevail and its highest concentration, reaching 77.8 mg loganic acid (LA)/L mead, was determined in the mead with the coral-fruit juice. Study results indicate that Cornelian cherry meads have a high content of biologically active iridoids and phenolic acids which display valuable antioxidative properties.

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Carbohydrates, volatile and phenolic compounds composition, and antioxidant activity of calabura (Muntingia calabura L.) fruit

Cited by 50 publications

References 49 publications

Immunomodulatory Activity of Muntingia Calabura L. Fruits Using Carbon Clearance Assay and Their Total Flavonoid and Phenolic Contents

Immunomodulatory Activity of Muntingia Calabura L. Fruits Using Carbon Clearance Assay and Their Total Flavonoid and Phenolic Contents

Differences in Production, Composition, and Antioxidant Activities of Exopolymeric Substances (EPS) Obtained from Cultures of Endophytic Fusarium culmorum Strains with Different Effects on Cereals

Characteristics of Biologically Active Compounds in Cornelian Cherry Meads

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