Carbohydrate use and assimilation by litter and soil fungi assessed by carbon isotopes and BIOLOG® assays

Hobbie, Erik A.; Watrud, Lidia S.; Maggard, Sharon; Shiroyama, Tamotsu; Rygiewicz, Paul T.

doi:10.1016/s0038-0717(02)00281-x

Cited by 39 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In this aspect, it will be important to determine if members of the Zygomycota in the subsurface are active or dormant. Additionally, members of the Zygomycota do not respond as well as the Dikarya (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) to soluble plant degradation products (e.g., cellulose, sucrose) and instead appear to be associated with carbon substrates of animal and fungal origin, such as fungal hyphae (16,18,35). For example, Mortierella spp., dominant among the zygomycete phylotypes in our samples, are strong digesters of chitin (80), which is the fundamental component of fungal hyphae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Community Structure and Activity Linked to Contrasting Biogeochemical Gradients in Bog and Fen Environments of the Glacial Lake Agassiz Peatland

Green

Tfaily

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

146

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ABSTRACTThe abundances, compositions, and activities of microbial communities were investigated at bog and fen sites in the Glacial Lake Agassiz Peatland of northwestern Minnesota. These sites contrast in the reactivity of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and the presence or absence of groundwater inputs. Microbial community composition was characterized using pyrosequencing and clone library construction of phylogenetic marker genes. Microbial distribution patterns were linked to pH, concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen, C/N ratios, optical properties of DOM, and activities of laccase and peroxidase enzymes. Both bacterial and archaeal richness and rRNA gene abundance were >2 times higher on average in the fen than in the bog, in agreement with a higher pH, labile DOM content, and enhanced enzyme activities in the fen. Fungi were equivalent to an average of 1.4% of total prokaryotes in gene abundance assayed by quantitative PCR. Results revealed statistically distinct spatial patterns between bacterial and fungal communities. Fungal distribution did not covary with pH and DOM optical properties and was vertically stratified, with a prevalence ofAscomycotaandBasidiomycotanear the surface and much higher representation ofZygomycotain the subsurface. In contrast, bacterial community composition largely varied between environments, with the bog dominated byAcidobacteria(61% of total sequences), while theFirmicutes(52%) dominated in the fen. AcetoclasticMethanosarcinalesshowed a much higher relative abundance in the bog, in contrast to the dominance of diverse hydrogenotrophic methanogens in the fen. This is the first quantitative and compositional analysis of three microbial domains in peatlands and demonstrates that the microbial abundance, diversity, and activity parallel with the pronounced differences in environmental variables between bog and fen sites.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Community Structure and Activity Linked to Contrasting Biogeochemical Gradients in Bog and Fen Environments of the Glacial Lake Agassiz Peatland

Green

Tfaily

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

146

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“…The d 13 C chitin for C. scutellatus fell in the range of overlap for the two ecological groupings of fungi (cf. Henn and Chapela, 2001;Hobbie et al, 1999Hobbie et al, , 2003 and only an 8.51& variation separated the granary weevil from the ground beetle C. problematicus. As the polyphagous P. fur expressed a trophic level omnivore-carnivore step between 12.89& and 21.47& to C. nigricans and C. problematicus, respectively, the deuterium value for S. granarius did not follow the expected trend for a herbivore indigenous to the same micro-population as the other beetles.…”

Section: West Stow: a Modern Case Studymentioning

confidence: 95%

Isotopes as palaeoeconomic indicators: new applications in archaeoentomology

King

2012

Journal of Archaeological Science

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“…However, one complication is the potential for isotopic fractionation during metabolism (ε metab ), resulting in an isotopic shift from the dietary δ 13 C composition. Hobbie et al [41] proposed a solution to this problem where malt extract was one of the dietary components and either C 3 -or C 4 -derived sucrose was the other component. δ 13 C measured in the C 3 and C 4 sucrose treatments can be expressed by Equations (5) and (6), respectively:…”

Section: Artificial Media With Multiple Carbon Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

¹³C isotopic fractionation during biodegradation of agricultural wastes

Chalk

Inácio

Urquiaga

et al. 2015

Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies

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Significant differences in δ(13)C signatures occur within and between plant tissues and their constituent biochemical entities, and also within and between heterotrophic bacteria and fungi and their metabolic products. Furthermore, (13)C isotopic fractionation occurs during the biodegradation of organic molecules as seen in the substrate, respired CO(2) and the microbial biomass, which could be related to substrate composition and/or microbial metabolism. The (13)C isotopic fractionation observed during the decomposition of a single defined C substrate appears to be due to the intra-molecular heterogeneity in (13)C in the substrate and to (13)C isotopic fractionation during microbial metabolism. Very limited data suggest that the latter may be quantitatively more important than the former. Studies with defined fungi in culture media have highlighted the complexities associated with the interpretation of the observed patterns of (13)C isotopic fractionation when a single defined C source is added to the culture medium which itself contains one or more C sources. Techniques involving (13)C enrichment or paired treatments involving an equivalent C(3)- and C(4)-derived substrate have been devised to overcome the problem of background C in the culture medium and (13)C isotopic fractionation during metabolism. Studies with complex substrates have shown an initial (13)C depletion phase in respired CO(2) followed by a (13)C enrichment phase which may or may not be followed by another (13)C depletion phase. Basic studies involving an integrated approach are required to gain a new insight into (13)C isotopic fractionation during organic residue decomposition, by simultaneous measurements of δ(13)C in all C moieties. New analytical tools to measure real-time changes in δ(13)CO(2) and the intra-molecular δ(13)C distribution within plant biochemical entities offer new opportunities for unravelling the complex interactions between substrate and microbial metabolism with respect to (13)C isotopic fractionation during biodegradation.

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Carbohydrate use and assimilation by litter and soil fungi assessed by carbon isotopes and BIOLOG® assays

Cited by 39 publications

References 20 publications

Microbial Community Structure and Activity Linked to Contrasting Biogeochemical Gradients in Bog and Fen Environments of the Glacial Lake Agassiz Peatland

Microbial Community Structure and Activity Linked to Contrasting Biogeochemical Gradients in Bog and Fen Environments of the Glacial Lake Agassiz Peatland

Isotopes as palaeoeconomic indicators: new applications in archaeoentomology

¹³C isotopic fractionation during biodegradation of agricultural wastes

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Carbohydrate use and assimilation by litter and soil fungi assessed by carbon isotopes and BIOLOG® assays

Cited by 39 publications

References 20 publications

Microbial Community Structure and Activity Linked to Contrasting Biogeochemical Gradients in Bog and Fen Environments of the Glacial Lake Agassiz Peatland

Microbial Community Structure and Activity Linked to Contrasting Biogeochemical Gradients in Bog and Fen Environments of the Glacial Lake Agassiz Peatland

Isotopes as palaeoeconomic indicators: new applications in archaeoentomology

13C isotopic fractionation during biodegradation of agricultural wastes

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¹³C isotopic fractionation during biodegradation of agricultural wastes