Carbohydrate– N -heterocyclic carbene metal complexes: Synthesis, catalysis and biological studies

Abstract

3Introduction 4

NHC Pd(II) and Ag(I) Complexes: Synthesis, Structure, and Catalytic Activity in Three Types of C–C Coupling Reactions

“…Since the first isolation of the stable imidazol-2-ylidene in 1991, 1 N -heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have attracted considerable attention in the fields of organometallic chemistry and catalysis. 2 Over the past two decades, NHC metal complexes have been favored by facile preparation methods and possess high efficiency as catalysts. 3 As effective and widely used NHC transfer agents, NHC silver(I) complexes can be applied to prepare other NHC metal complexes (such as Ni, Pd, and Pt) with a diverse structure.…”

Carbohydrate-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene Ru(ii) complexes: synthesis, characterization and catalytic transfer hydrogenation activity

“…Such deprotection has been achieved only in a few specific cases. 59,68,69 Recent results from our laboratory have demonstrated the deacetylation of carbohydrate wingtip groups of iridium complexes in methanolic HCl. 22 The ruthenium complexes 5 and 6, however, were not stable under these conditions and although deprotection was observed, simultaneous formation of significant amounts of free triazolium salt due to metal dissociation occurred.…”

“…[56][57][58] Similar work with N-heterocyclic carbene ligands, however, is much more scarce. 59,60 In pioneering work, Dyson and co-workers investigated the anticancer activity of Ru complexes of carbohydrate-functionalized NHC ligands, 60,61 though only few examples have explored the catalytic activity of such carbohydrate-NHC hybrid complexes. 8,22,62 Imidazolylidene systems functionalized with two carbohydrate wingtip groups, for example, induced up to 60% ee in asymmetric Rh(I)-catalyzed hydrosilylation of ketones.…”

Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Studies of Novel NHC*-Gold(I) Complexes Derived from Lepidiline A

“…Auranofin analogues have since been investigated for their interesting coordination to both a phosphine and a thioglucoside. In many cases, N -heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have been utilized as an alternative to the phosphine ligand [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. NHCs have proved to be suitable ligands for stabilizing the highly active gold(I) species, due to their good electron donating ability and their highly stable carbene from π-backbonding [ 6 , 7 ].…”