Carbohydrate Metabolism of Cucurbits

Miao, Minmin; Zhang, Zhiping

doi:10.1201/b19233-6

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…An interesting outcome was that except for Fru in the pulp, MI in the seeds and peels and Sta in the peels of C. radicans, the levels of almost all NSCs and RFOs analyzed were higher in C. foetidissima. This result suggested speciesspecific differences in carbon partitioning and in the synthesis of RFOs, acting perhaps as abiotic stress-regulating osmolytes and/or seed vigor/seed-desiccation tolerance factors, as reported previously in cucurbits and other plant species [103][104][105][106][107][108][109].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Contrasting Metabolic Fingerprints and Seed Protein Profiles of Cucurbita foetidissima and C. radicans Fruits from Feral Plants Sampled in Central Mexico

Mejía-Morales

Rodríguez-Macías

Salcedo-Pérez

et al. 2021

Plants

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Cucurbita foetidissima and C. radicans are scarcely studied wild pumpkin species that grow in arid and semi-arid areas of Mexico and the United States. This study describes the morphological, proximal composition, metabolic finger-prints and seed protein profiles of C. foetidissima and C. radicans fruits collected in the wild during a one-year period in different locations of central-western Mexico. The results obtained complement the limited information concerning the fruit composition of C. foetidissima and greatly expand information in this respect regarding C. radicans. Morphology and proximal composition of their fruits varied significantly. Different metabolic fingerprints and seed protein profiles were detected between them and also with the chemical composition of domesticated Cucurbita fruits. The neutral lipids in seed, pulp and peels were rich in wax content and in unsaturated compounds, probably carotenoids and tocopherols, in addition to tri-, di- and mono-acylglycerols. The tri- and diacylglycerol profiles of their seed oils were different from commercial seed oils and between each other. They also showed unusual fatty acid compositions. Evidence of a possible alkaloid in the pulp and peel of both species was obtained in addition to several putative cucurbitacins. An abundance of phenolic acids was found in all fruit parts, whereas flavonoids were only detected in the peels. Unlike most cucurbits, globulins were not the main protein fraction in the seeds of C. radicans, whereas the non-structural carbohydrate and raffinose oligosaccharide content in their fruit parts was lower than in other wild cucurbit species. These results emphasize the significantly different chemical composition of these two marginally studied Cucurbita species, which was more discrepant in C. radicans, despite the notion regarding C. foetidissima as an aberrant species with no affinity to any other Cucurbita species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Contrasting Metabolic Fingerprints and Seed Protein Profiles of Cucurbita foetidissima and C. radicans Fruits from Feral Plants Sampled in Central Mexico

Mejía-Morales

Rodríguez-Macías

Salcedo-Pérez

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…Pumpkin uses RFOs as the main form of photoassimilate. The key enzymes required for RFO synthesis are GloS, RS, and STS, encoded by CmGolS1 , CmRS , and CmSTS , respectively [ 1 , 4 , 24 , 25 ]. In this study, plant growth regulators notably increased the expression and activity of GolS, RS, and STS, which promoted stachyose synthesis and enhanced the ability of leaves to engage in the loading of assimilates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the phloem sap of giant pumpkin peduncles, spraying NAA can increase stachyose and sucrose contents, indicating that treatment with this growth regulator improves assimilate transport efficiency. AGA, which is a key enzyme involved in stachyose unloading [ 1 , 4 ], is encoded by three pumpkin genes, among which CmAGA1 and CmAGA2 are important for stachyose catabolism. In this study, we found that AGA activity and the expression of CmAGA1 and CmAGA2 were markedly increased in NAA-treated leaves, indicating an enhancement of stachyose metabolism in fruit and an increase in the substances needed for fruit growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Exogenous α-Naphthaleneacetic Acid and 24-Epibrassinolide on Fruit Size and Assimilate Metabolism-Related Sugars and Enzyme Activities in Giant Pumpkin

Chen

Liu

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Size is the most important quality attribute of giant pumpkin fruit. Different concentrations and application frequencies of α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) were sprayed on the leaves and fruits of giant pumpkin at different growth stages to determine their effects and the mechanism responsible for fruit size increase. NAA+EBR application improved source strength, and further analysis indicated that NAA+EBR markedly boosted net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr) and the expression level and activity of galactitol synthetase (GolS), raffinose synthetase (RS), and stachyose synthetase (STS), resulting in an increase in the synthesis of photoassimilate, especially stachyose. Concomitantly, NAA+EBR spray increased stachyose and sucrose contents throughout pumpkin fruit growth and the concentrations of glucose and fructose at 0 and 20 days post-anthesis (DPA) in peduncle phloem sap, implying that such treatment improved the efficiency of assimilate transport from the peduncle to the fruit. Furthermore, it improved the expression and activity of alkaline α-galactosidase (AGA), facilitating assimilate unloading, providing carbon skeletons and energy for fruit growth, and increasing fruit weight by more than 44.1%. Therefore, exogenous NAA and EBR increased source capacity, transportation efficiency, and sink strength, overall promoting the synthesis and distribution of photoassimilate, ultimately increasing fruit size.

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“…However, Hu et al (2009) analyzed sugar metabolism in developing cucumber fruits (2-20 dpa). Classical biochemical studies reviewed by Schaffer et al (1996) and Miao and Zhang (2016) described sugar synthesis, transport and conversion related to cucurbit fruit set, where the young fruit acts as a sink that attracts raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFO), and degrades them in order to support growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cucumber ovaries inhibited by dominant fruit express a dynamic developmental program, distinct from either senescence‐determined or fruit‐setting ovaries

et al. 2018

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Cucurbits represent an attractive model to explore the dynamics of fruit set, whose regulation is not fully understood, despite its importance for yield determination. A fertilized ovary must integrate signals from distant plant parts and 'decide' whether to set fruit, or remain inhibited and later senesce. Here, we set out to characterize first-fruit inhibition (FFI), that is, the inhibitory effect of the first fruit on subsequent development of younger ovaries during pollination-induced and parthenocarpic fruit set. After the first fertilized ovaries set fruit, younger fertilized ovaries remained in a temporary state of inhibition. Such ovaries preserved their size and green color, and if the older fruit were removed within a 1-week reversibility window, they set fruit. The FFI effect was documented in both fertilized and parthenocarpic ovaries. We compared the gene expression profiles of pollinated ovaries (committed to set fruit) with respect to those affected by FFI, and to non-pollinated ovaries (undergoing senescence). The three fates of the ovaries were characterized by wide changes in gene expression, with several specific transcripts being up- or down-regulated in response to pollination, and to the presence of inhibitory fruit. Metabolic profiling was undertaken and integrated with the transcriptomic data in order to characterize early physiological changes that occur in post-anthesis ovaries in parthenocarpic and non-parthenocarpic genotypes. The combined results are discussed with respect to current models of fruit set and specifically with regard to FFI. Moreover, these metabolome and transcriptome data provide a valuable resource for studying ovary development and fruit set.

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Carbohydrate Metabolism of Cucurbits

Cited by 6 publications

References 118 publications

Contrasting Metabolic Fingerprints and Seed Protein Profiles of Cucurbita foetidissima and C. radicans Fruits from Feral Plants Sampled in Central Mexico

Contrasting Metabolic Fingerprints and Seed Protein Profiles of Cucurbita foetidissima and C. radicans Fruits from Feral Plants Sampled in Central Mexico

Effects of Exogenous α-Naphthaleneacetic Acid and 24-Epibrassinolide on Fruit Size and Assimilate Metabolism-Related Sugars and Enzyme Activities in Giant Pumpkin

Cucumber ovaries inhibited by dominant fruit express a dynamic developmental program, distinct from either senescence‐determined or fruit‐setting ovaries

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