Carbohydrate Metabolism

Hazelwood, Robert L.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-4862-0_13

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…After 20 days of experimental period, at the age of 34 day, the blood glucose range was 165-225 mg dLG 1 in NSF supplemented chickens and 204-273 mg dLG 1 in the control set. The blood glucose concentration in broilers is known to be maintained within tight homeostatic mechanisms through several metabolic hormones such as insulin, glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide, corticosterone and thyroxin (Hazelwood, 1986). In view of the magnitude of variation in blood glucose in our study and according to the report of Scanes (2008), it is difficult to assume the existence of tight blood glucose homeostasis in broilers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

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Effect of Nonsaponifiable Fraction of Avocado Oil on Body Weight, Body Fat and Blood Lipid Profile of Broiler Chickens

D`Silva¹,

D'Souza²

2015

Asian J. of Poultry Science

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Accumulation of body fat is the major problem associated with initiation of various diseases in fast growing broiler chickens. Methods to restrict the accumulation of body fat have met with limited success. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Avocado Non-Saponifiable Fraction (NSF) in broiler chicken (from day 14 for 27 days) on body fat accumulation, growth performance, organ weight and plasma lipid profile. Supplementation of avocado NSF for 27 days has resulted in positive changes in plasma lipid profile with 50% decrease of abdominal fat and 33.8% increase in body weight compared with normal control chickens. The Avocado NSF improved body composition in broilers through higher lean-to-fat ratio and hence has a potential to improve overall health profile and reduce metabolic diseases in chickens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Typically the avian blood glucose concentration is reported as being between 190-220 mg dLG 1 (reviewed by Hazelwood (1986) and based on recent studies, the range is between 156-330 mg dLG 1 in young meat line chickens (Scanes, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Nonsaponifiable Fraction of Avocado Oil on Body Weight, Body Fat and Blood Lipid Profile of Broiler Chickens

D`Silva¹,

D'Souza²

2015

Asian J. of Poultry Science

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“…Appropriate outputs of insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and avian pancreatic polypeptide are necessary for birds to adjust their nutrient availability and disposal (Hazelwood, 1984) and maintain carbohydrate homeostasis. Of the two major pancreatic hormones, insulin and glucagon, the latter is considered to be the principal director of avian carbohydrate metabolism in adult birds (Hazelwood, 1986). The right proportion of pancreatic hormones is established during the post-natal phase of development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A shift in emphasis from gluconeogenic lipid utlilisation in this phase is characterised by changes in tissue metabolite contents and enzyme activities (Raheja et al, 1971;Hazelwood, 1986). This development can be considered as a series of metabolic modulations leading to adaptive physiological maturation and the adult homeostatic pattern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Dexamethasone‐induced alterations in glucose tolerance and, insulin, glucagon and adrenaline responses during the first month in white leghorn chicks

Joseph¹,

Dandekar²,

Ramachandran³

1996

British Poultry Science

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1. Alterations in glucose tolerance and, insulin, glucagon and adrenaline responses in dexamethasone (DXM)-treated (induced hypocorticalism) chicks have been evaluated chronologically during the first month of development of White Leghorn chicks. 2. Alterations in glucose tolerance and, insulin resistance and glucagon and adrenaline responses in dexamethasonised chicks were recorded. Control chicks too displayed differential glucose tolerance and, insulin, glucagon and adrenaline responses on a chronological basis. 3. The observations suggest increased insulin and adrenaline sensitivity in the first fortnight and gradually increasing glucagon response in the second fortnight in neonatal chicks. 4. Furthermore, increased insulin sensitivity and attenuated glucagon responsiveness was also associated with DXM-induced hypocorticalism.

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“…Accordingly, abnormal carbohydrate metabolism has been recognised to occur in both adrenal insufficiency (Kitabachi et al, 1968;Ivarsson et al, 1983) and hypercorticalism (Conn and Fajans, 1956;Kitabachi et al, 1973;Olefsky and Kimmerling, 1976). The endocrine regulation of adult avian carbohydrate metabolism has received greater attention (Hazelwood, 1986). However, the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism during post-hatched development has received comparatively less attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Alterations in carbohydrate metabolism by exogenous dexamethasone and corticosterone in post‐hatched white leghorn chicks

Joseph

Ramachandran

1992

British Poultry Science

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1. Alterations in carbohydrate metabolism in terms of tissue glycogen contents, phosphorylase (EC 2.4.1.1) activity, hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase (6-6-Pase: EC 3.1.3.9) activity and blood glucose have been evaluated in 30-d-old White Leghorn chicks under induced chronic hypocorticalism (by dexamethasone: DXM) and hypercorticalism (by corticosterone: CORT). 2. DXM treatment showed increased tissue glycogen contents and hypoglycaemia with decreased phosphorylase activity while CORT treatment produced a reverse set of changes. 3. Both steroid treatments increased hepatic G-6-Pase activity. These observations have been taken to indicate a definite role for glucocorticoids in regulating carbohydrate metabolism in neonatal chicks. 4. It is suggested that hypo- or hyper-corticalism could influence carbohydrate metabolism by affecting the secretory/activity ratio of pancreatic hormones.

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Carbohydrate Metabolism

Cited by 33 publications

References 63 publications

Effect of Nonsaponifiable Fraction of Avocado Oil on Body Weight, Body Fat and Blood Lipid Profile of Broiler Chickens

Effect of Nonsaponifiable Fraction of Avocado Oil on Body Weight, Body Fat and Blood Lipid Profile of Broiler Chickens

Dexamethasone‐induced alterations in glucose tolerance and, insulin, glucagon and adrenaline responses during the first month in white leghorn chicks

Alterations in carbohydrate metabolism by exogenous dexamethasone and corticosterone in post‐hatched white leghorn chicks

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