Carbohydrate metabolism during fruit development in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) plants

Nielsen, Theodor; Skjaerbaek, Helle C.; Karlsen, P.

doi:10.1034/j.1399-3054.1991.820227.x

Cited by 28 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…A high percentage of knots was found for all genotypes, except for Bruisma Wonder, at low night temperature (Table 2), where most likely the non-viability of pollen increased the percentage of unfertilized fruit. It has been reported that unfertilized fruit has poor sink strength (Nielsen et al, 1991) and deformed fruit shape (Rylski, 1973;Bosland and Votava, 1999) as compared to fertilized ones. This agrees with the high percentage of knots at low night temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.) Genotypes for Parthenocarpic Fruit Growth

Tiwari¹,

Dassen

Heuvelink³

2007

Acta Hortic.

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Yield irregularity and blossom-end-rot are major problems in sweet pepper production, which can be reduced by parthenocarpy. However no commercial parthenocarpic cultivars are available. The purpose of this study was to find parthenocarpic genotype(s) of sweet pepper with the ability to produce good quality fruits without seeds. Eleven genotypes of sweet pepper were studied at normal (20/20°C D/N) and at low night temperature (20/10°C D/N), in two greenhouse compartments from January till May. Fruit length, diameter, fresh and dry weight and number of seeds per fruit were measured. A higher percentage of parthenocarpic fruits was observed for all genotypes at low night temperature compared to normal temperature. Within the genotypes which showed at least 60% parthencarpic fruit growth at low night temperature, two groups were distinguished, which showed a different expression of parthenocarpy in response to the environment. In one set of genotypes (Line 1 and Line 3) high expressivity for parthenocarpy was found irrespective of night temperature. In another set of genotypes (Gen A, Gen B, Gen C, Lamuyo A, Lamuyo B and Bruinsma Wonder), a high level of parthenocarpy was expressed at low night temperature only, which may be due to non-viable pollen at low night temperature. Further evaluation of the latter six genotypes resulted in one genotype (Bruinsma Wonder) for which the absence of seeds only marginally influenced shape and size of fruits. These selected genotypes may eventually lead to an exploitation of parthenocarpy in sweet pepper breeding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.) Genotypes for Parthenocarpic Fruit Growth

Tiwari¹,

Dassen

Heuvelink³

2007

Acta Hortic.

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“…For the determination of enzyme activities involved in sucrose synthesis (Nielsen et a/, 1991), the desalting column was equilibrated with 50 mM MOPS-KOH buffer (pH 7.5) containing 2.5 mM DTT, 5 mM MgC12 and I mM EDTA. The eluate was used in each enzyme reaction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sucrose Metabolism in Stored Green Peas.

Shono¹,

Yoshimura²,

Kimura³

et al. 1997

FSTI

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Changes in the sugar content and sucrose metabolizing enzymatic activities of stored green peas were studied.Green pea seeds were removed from their pods, and the pods without seeds or whole peas were stored at 1'C or 20'C.Their sucrose content significantly decreased, especially in seeds without pods stored at 20'C, but the stachyose and verbascose contents increased. Glucose and sucrose were the major components in the pods. The pod sucrose content significantly decreased, especially in pods with seeds stored at 20'C. Sucrose synthase (sucrose synthesis, sucrose cleavage) and invertase activities in the seeds decreased during storage, but sucrose phosphate synthase activity increased after I or 2 days of storage and then decreased. According to these results, we suggest that sucrose might be utilized not only in the synthesis of starch, but also in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides such as stachyose and verbascose.Keywords: oligosaccharide, storage, pea, sucrose phosphate synthase, sucrose synthase, invertaseIn Japan, immature peas and soybeans are used as vegetables. The quality of these green peas and green soybeans immediately changes after harvest. A decrease in sweetness, increase in hardness and decrease in sugar, amino acids and ascorbate content occur. Ito et al ( 1972) demonstrated that sucrose is utilized in starch biosynthesis during storage. Saravitz et a/ ( 1 987) reported that rafnnose and stachyose levels increased during the development of soybean seeds. Matsushita (1968) showed a decrease in sucrose content and increase in starch content during pea seed development.Changes in the sugar and starch content of stored green peas (Ito et al., 1972;Shono et al, 1990Shono et al, , 1996 and stored green soybeans (Iwata & Shirahata, 1979;Shono, 1987;Masuda et al., 1988;Terai et a/., 1995) were also reported, but little is known of the changes in the activities of sucrose metabolizing enzymes and oligosaccharide content during storage.In thls paper, we examined the changes in sugar content and the activities of sucrose metabolizing enzymes in order to elucidate the sucrose metabolism of stored green peas. Materials and Methods

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“…Soluble sugars and starch were extracted as described by Nielsen et al (1991), and sugars were quantified by enzyme-linked reduction of NAD 1 as described by Beutler (1984) and Kunst et al (1984). Assays were performed in microplates and absorbance was followed at 340 nm.…”

Section: Plant Materials and Cultivation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Analysis of the Arabidopsis Leaf Transcriptome Reveals Interaction of Phosphate and Sugar Metabolism

et al. 2006

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Global gene expression was analyzed in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) by microarrays comprising 21,500 genes. Leaf segments derived from phosphorus (P)-starved and P-replenished plants were incubated with or without sucrose (Suc) to obtain tissues with contrasting combinations of P and carbohydrate levels. Transcript profiling revealed the influence of the two factors individually and the interactions between P-and sugar-dependent gene regulation. A large number of gene transcripts changed more than 2-fold: In response to P starvation, 171 genes were induced and 16 repressed, whereas Suc incubation resulted in 337 induced and 307 repressed genes. A number of new candidate genes involved in P acquisition were discovered. In addition, several putative transcription factors and signaling proteins of P sensing were disclosed. Several genes previously identified to be sugar responsive were also regulated by P starvation and known P-responsive genes were sugar inducible. Nearly 150 genes were synergistically or antagonistically regulated by the two factors. These genes exhibit more prominent or contrasting regulation in response to Suc and P in combination than expected from the effect of the two factors individually. The genes exhibiting interactions form three main clusters with different response patterns and functionality of genes. One cluster (cluster 1) most likely represents a regulatory program to support increased growth and development when both P and carbohydrates are ample. Another cluster (cluster 3) represents genes induced to alleviate P starvation and these are further induced by carbohydrate accumulation. Thus, interactions between P and Suc reveal two different signaling programs and novel interactions in gene regulation in response to environmental factors. cis-Regulatory elements were analyzed for each factor and for interaction clusters. PHR1 binding sites were more frequent in promoters of P-regulated genes as compared to the entire Arabidopsis genome, and E2F and PHR1 binding sites were more frequent in interaction clusters 1 and 3, respectively.

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Carbohydrate metabolism during fruit development in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) plants

Cited by 28 publications

References 10 publications

Selection of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.) Genotypes for Parthenocarpic Fruit Growth

Selection of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.) Genotypes for Parthenocarpic Fruit Growth

Sucrose Metabolism in Stored Green Peas.

Genome-Wide Analysis of the Arabidopsis Leaf Transcriptome Reveals Interaction of Phosphate and Sugar Metabolism

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