Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin is a sensitive marker of alcohol consumption in fatty liver disease

Abstract

BackgroundThe prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcohol-associated/related liver disease (ALD) with metabolic syndrome is globally increasing. Metabolic syndrome and excessive alcohol consumption synergically exacerbate liver pathologies; therefore, drinking-speci c serum markers unaffected by liver injury or metabolic syndrome are essential to assess alcohol consumption. We evaluated the ratio of carbohydrate-de cient transferrin to total transferrin (%CDT) in patients with fatty liver disease, particularly focusing on its correlation with metabolic factors (UMIN000033550). MethodsA total of 120 patients with fatty liver disease, including ALD and NAFLD, were screened for alcohol misuse using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identi cation Test. Associations of metabolic syndrome-related factors and hepatic steatosis/liver stiffness with drinking markers such as %CDT, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were assessed using multiple linear regression analyses. Results%CDT signi cantly increased with 3-4 drinks/day. The optimal cut-off value for identifying non-to light drinkers was 1.78% (sensitivity, 71.8%; speci city, 83.7%; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC], 0.851), which was signi cantly higher than that for GGT. The cut-off value for identifying heavy drinkers was 2.08% (sensitivity, 65.5%; speci city, 86.8%; AUROC, 0.815). Multiple regression analysis revealed that this proportion was negatively correlated with body mass index, whereas GGT and MCV were in uenced by multiple factors involved in liver injury and dyslipidemia. Conclusions%CDT showed a strong correlation with alcohol consumption, independent of liver damage, steatosis/stiffness, or metabolic syndrome-related factors, indicating that it is a useful drinking marker for the accurate diagnosis of NAFLD and ALD.

Alcoholic Liver Biomarkers: Determinants for Admission to Rehabilitation Centres During the Covid 19 Period in Kenya

“…Contrary opinion was sited by Moringa et al (2022) who reported of other parameters in LFTs such as Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin which were more sensitive than GGT 26 .…”

Iron and iron-related proteins in alcohol consumers: cellular and clinical aspects

“…• In controls: 1.95% (1.25-3.31) (n = 30; social drinkers consumed less than 30 g/day (210 g/week)) [20] • In non-dependents on alcohol (social drinkers): 2.2% (n = 115; alcohol non-dependents with a negative AUDIT score of ≤ 6/8 and negative diagnosis of alcohol dependence, as defined by ICD-10 and DSM-IV) [68] • Average disialotransferrin to total transferrin fraction: 1.2% (0.20) [87] • In non-drinkers: 1.71 ± 0.04%; n = 29 [88] • 6.27% (1.26-17.66) (n = 148; alcohol-dependent patients, mean alcohol consumption of 1344 g/week) [20] • 3.9% (n = 101; alcohol dependent patients with a positive AUDIT score of > 6/8 and positive diagnosis for alcohol dependence, as defined by ICD-10 and DSM-IV) [68] • Upper limit of reference interval for disialotransferrin to total transferrin fraction (in nondrinkers and light and heavy drinkers combined): 1.70% [87] • Heavy drinkers: 2.44 ± 0.14% (n = 29; consuming ≥ 420 g alcohol/week) [88] Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR)…”

Carbohydrate-Deficient Transferrin (CDT) as a Biomarker of Alcohol Abuse: A Retrospective Study of the Italian Drinking Trend among Drivers from 2016 to 2022

“…For the identification of alcohol-related pathologies, CDT is mainly used in combination with other alcohol biomarkers, such as GGT and MCV [17,18]. Unlike other biomarkers, CDT is more sensitive to changes in alcohol consumption than to the secondary effects of liver disease, and it is useful to differentiate between alcoholic (ALD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [19].…”