Carbofuran promotes biochemical changes in carp exposed to rice field and laboratory conditions

Brain biomarkers in tench (Tinca tinca L.) after semi-static exposure to the pesticide carbofuran

“…As expected, AChE activity decreased as pesticide concentration and time of exposure increased, according to the results reported by Feng et al (2008), Cong et al (2009), and Clasen et al (2014) in experiments with organophosphates and carbamates. Bretaut et al (2000) also reported the same pattern, showing recovery of AChE levels at 50 µg/L after 14 days of exposure.…”

“…Depending on the species, some fish can survive with high levels of AChE inhibition, whereas other species die at the same concentrations. In this sense, carps exposed to fenthion survived even with inhibition of 90% (Üner et al, 2009), as well as C. auratus and carps exposed to carbofuran (Bretaud et al, 2000;Clasen et al, 2014), with AChE inhibition of up to 87%. Nevertheless, 70-80% of AChE inhibition is generally assumed as cause of death (Bradbury et al, 2008).…”

“…As indicated, fish were divided into 4 groups: one control and three experimental treatments. Each experimental group was exposed to a different sublethal concentration of pesticide (50, 100 and 200 μg/L) for 28 days, and more specifically, the lowest concentration used in this experiment corresponded to the concentration recommended in different countries for use in crop cultures (Clasen et al, 2014). Water in each aquarium was gently siphoned out twice a week and replaced with the same concentrations of pesticide to clean the water and preserve the pesticide concentration stable.…”

Asetamiprid ve d-Tübokürarin'in Kurbağa Sinir Dokusu Üzerine Etkilerinin İncelenmesi (I: Oksidatif Potansiyel)

“…Pestisitlere maruz kalan dokularda, reaktif oksijen türleri antioksidan enzimlere bağlanarak, bu enzimlerin düzeylerinde azalmaya, hatta enzim aktivitelerinde inhibisyona neden olmaktadır (15,40). Cyprinus carpio (sazan balığı), karbamatlı insektisitlerden 50 µg/L karbofuran'a maruz bırakıldıktan 7 ve 30 gün sonra, beyinde MDA düzeyi artmış, karaciğerde ise 30 gün sonra CAT aktivitesi azalmıştır (41). 10 µM imidakloprid'in, dişi Wistar albino sıçanlara, intravenöz olarak enjekte edildikten 120 dakika sonra sakrifiye edilerek, karaciğer ve plazma MDA düzeyinin kontrole göre önemli biçimde arttığı gösterilmiştir (42).…”

Different Enzymatic Activities in Carp (Cyprinus Carpio L.) as Potential Biomarkers of Exposure to the Pesticide Methomyl

“…The observed decrease of GST activity may have occurred because liver and gills are two of the first organs in the contact with pesticides. However, this decrease may lead to a different response where the antioxidant defence is disrupted by pesticides or its derived products, indicating a toxic situation caused by insecticide exposure (39).…”