Carbazole–Cyanobenzene Dyes Electrografted to Carbon or Indium-Doped Tin Oxide Supports for Visible Light-Driven Photoanodes and Olefin Isomerizations

Abstract

The organic carbazole−cyanobenzene push−pull dye 1,2,3,5tetrakis(carbazol-9-yl)-4,6-dicyanobenzene was derivatized and attached to carbon or indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) electrodes by simple diazonium electrografting. The surface-bound dye is active and stable for the visible light photosynthetic isomerization of a wide range of functionalized stilbene and cinnamic acid derivatives. Up to 87,000 net turnovers were obtained for the isomerization of trans-stilbene. The isomerizations can be carried out in air with a 33% reduction in the rate. The ITO photoelectrodes are also active and stable toward photo-oxidations under basic and acidic conditions.

Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Sensitizers As Organic and Green Alternatives in Energy-Transfer Photocatalysis

“…A later study by Bergens and co-workers demonstrated the immobilization of 4CzIPN on carbon or indium tin oxide (ITO) surfaces using electrografting (Scheme ). The grafted 4CzIPN allowed for the conversion of trans - to cis -olefins via heterogeneous catalysis. The isomerization can be performed with 87 000 turnovers with the same catalyst prior to degradation and even performs well in air.…”

“…Many deep-blue TADF emitters have sufficient ISC but slow RISC rates, leading to efficiency roll-off in the performance of OLED devices . Fortunately, the issue of trapped high-energy triplet states that plagues blue TADF OLEDs can instead be beneficial for EnT catalysis. , Recent reports also point toward supramolecular design strategies that improve ISC and limit RISC in TADF PCs: the construction of polymeric networks consisting of 4CzIPN emitters or emitters grafted onto ITO . These concepts are still in their infancy and merit further exploration.…”

“…A later study by Bergens and co-workers demonstrated the immobilization of 4CzIPN on carbon or indium tin oxide (ITO) surfaces using electrografting (Scheme 5). 106 The Scheme 3. TADF-Sensitized Cycloaddition Reactions: (A) [3 + 2] 109 In previous studies that did not employ photocatalysis, the energy barrier to reductive elimination at Ni(II) hampered the broader application of Ni(II)-mediated cross-couplings.…”

“…140,141 Recent reports also point toward supramolecular design strategies that improve ISC and limit RISC in TADF PCs: the construction of polymeric networks consisting of 4CzIPN emitters 142 or emitters grafted onto ITO. 106 These concepts are still in their infancy and merit further exploration.…”

Visible-light-driven photocatalytic selective oxidation of amines and sulfides over a vanadium metal–organic framework

“…[1][2][3] A certain number of important organic conversion reactions, such as photooxidation of alcohols, amines, and olens, have been successfully achieved through different semiconductor materials. [4][5][6][7][8] However, the application potential of semiconductor materials is limited due to their inefficient visible-light utilization and poor selectivity for the desired products. 9 Therefore, the development of new photocatalysts with a high efficiency and selectivity is essential for the conversion of organic chemicals.…”